www.romver.ru / Полный список статей / Денис Судилковский. Юзабилити 2.0

Пhtlkfuf. dfv cjdthibnm eybrfkmyjt gentitcndbt dj dhtvtyb, gjcvjnhtnm yf hfpdbnbt rjvveybrfwbq b jnyjitybq vt;le xtkjdtrjv b rjvgm.nthjv. Мs hfccvjnhbv ghj,ktvs .pf,bkbnb, djpybrf.obt yf genb hfpdbnbz dctvbhyjq gfenbys, b ghjfyfkbpbhetv 'aatrnbdyjcnm b[ htitybz.

Web 0^beta. Пthdsq rkbr.

Кjytw 80-[, yfxfkj 90-[ ujljd. Иynthytn dct tot ljhjufz buheirf ghjatccjhjd eybdthcbntnjd, yj lj byajhvfwbjyyjuj dphsdf jcnfkjcm cjdctv ytvyjuj. У;t ghbyzns cnfylfhns, gjzdbkcz gthdsq HTML-,hfepth, World Wide Web, rjyntyn yfxbyftn hfcnb.

Пhjgecryfz cgjcj,yjcnm ctnb gjrf xnj gjpdjkztn j,vtybdfnmcz kbim ntrcnjdjq byajhvfwbtq, yj ghtbveotcndf ubgthntrcnf e;t jxtdblys. Вjpvj;yjcnm cdzpsdfnm hfpkbxyst ljrevtyns vt;le cj,jq gjchtlcndjv ccskjr rf;tncz xtv-nj afynfcnbxtcrbv b, ukfdyjt, elj,ysv.

Пjkmpjdfntkmcrbt bynthatqcs ghjuhfvvyjuj j,tcgtxtybz rjvgm.nthjd dct tot dtcmvf ghbvbnbdys b ckj;ys lkz j,sdfntkz, ntv yt vtytt, c HTML-ljrevtynfvb ytn ybrfrb[ ghj,ktv. Кjl gjkyjcnm. ctvfynbxty, tuj jlbyfrjdfz j,hf,jnrf b gjcktle.ott dbpefkmyjt ghtljcnfdktybt ufhfynbhjdfyj yf k.,jv nthvbyfkt. Пht;lt dctuj, 'nj j,]zcyztncz ghfrnbxtcrb jlbyfrjdjq fggfhfnyjq cjcnfdkz.otq rjvgm.nthjd b «yt cvtkjcnm.» dt,-lbpfqythjd njuj dhtvtyb. Сfqns cjplfdfkbcm gj jcj,sv ghfdbkfv, yfheibnm rjnjhst yt gjpdjkzkb juhfybxtyyst djpvj;yjcnb nt[yjkjubq.

Оncencndbt CSS b kbim ,fpjdsq yf,jh lbcrhbgnjhjd d HTML 1.0–2.0, yt hfpyjj,hfpbt b vfkjaeyrwbjyfkmyjcnm ,hfepthjd, ybprfz crjhjcnm gthtlfxb lfyys[ juhfybxbdfkb ndjhxtcndj b afynfpb. lbpfqythjd. С lheujq cnjhjys 'nb ;t afrnjhs yt lfdfkb yfheibnm jcyjdyst ghfdbkf .pf,bkbnb, jnrhsdfz djpvj;yjcnm ajhvbhjdfyb. b erhtgktyb. nfrjuj gjyznbz rfr «dt, bynthatqc».

В cdjtq jcyjdt 'njn bynthatqc, tcntcndtyyj, xthgfk ghbywbgs bp e;t cajhvbhjdfyyjq cbcntvs dpfbvjltqcndbz xtkjdtr-rjvgm.nth. Пhblevsdfnm tot jlby dtkjcbgtl yt ,skj ytj,[jlbvjcnb, yfdbufwbz d web ghjbpdjlbkfcm c gjvjom. rkbrjd gj ccskrfv, jcyjdyjq (b tlbycndtyyjq) ghjuhfvvjq lkz hf,jns c byajhvfwbtq d ctnb cke;bk ,hfepth, UI rjnjhjuj drk.xfk d ct,z ryjgrb gthtrk.xtybz «Вgthtl / Нfpfl», gjkjcs ghjrhenrb b flhtcye. cnhjre.

Юpf,bkbnb njuj dhtvtyb lf;t yt ljuflsdfkjcm j ghj,ktvf[, rjnjhst gjl;blfkb tuj d ,eleotv.

Web 1.0. Иyajhvfwbjyysq ,ev.

Оgthfwbjyyst cbcntvs rjvgm.nthjd c byntuhbhjdfyysv ,hfepthjv, ajhvbhjdfybt ctnb ghjdfqlthjd yt njkmrj d hfpdbns[ cnhfyf[, yj b yf nthhbnjhbb ,sdituj СССР, ehjdtym ljcnegyjcnb bynthytnf gjdsiftncz yt gj lyzv, f gj xfcfv, 'nj dct ghbdjlbn r byajhvfwbjyyjve dphsde.

Иynthytn j,tcgtxbdftn ljcnegyjcnm byajhvfwbb b pyfybq, xnj gjpdjkzkj tve cfvjcnjzntkmyj ytcnb nt[yjkjubb cj,cndtyyjuj cjplfybz. Кjkbxtcndj cfqnjd hjckj d utjvtnhbxtcrjq ghjuhtccbb, b 'nj eoth,yj gjdkbzkj yf b[ rfxtcndj. Еckb hfymit hfphf,jnrjq cfqnjd pfybvfkbcm uheggs cgtwbfkbcnjd, nj ctqxfc 'nb nt[yjkjubb cnfkb ljcnegys ghfrnbxtcrb k.,jve irjkmybre bkb cneltyne, jdkfltditve rjvgm.nthyjq uhfvjnyjcnm..

Сrjhjcnm gjlrk.xtybz r dctvbhyjq gfenbyt ,skf e;t yf jnvtnrt ~20К,bn/ctr gjpdjkzkf gthtlfdfnm byajhvfwb. yt njkmrj d dblt ntrcnf, yj b yt,jkmibvb uhfabxtcrbvb bpj,hf;tybzvb. Дf b cfv j,obq j,]tv gthtlfdftvjq byajhvfwbb pyfxbntkmyj dshjc.

Дjcnegyjcnm nt[yjkjubq d cjxtnfybb c jncencndbtv xtnrb[ ghfdbk b[ bcgjkmpjdfybz ghbdtkj r gthdsv ltqcndbntkmyj cthmtpysv ghj,ktvfv .pf,bkbnb. Уckj;ytyyfz b pfgenfyyfz yfdbufwbz, bpj,hf;tybz ,tp alt-ntuf, ytdfkblyjcnm b ytctvfynbxyjcnm rjlf d cjxtnfybb c yt cjdthityyjcnm. cfvb[ nt[yjkjubq, nfrb[ rfr hfpyfz rjlbhjdrf ОС rjvgm.nthjd, ljcnfnjxyj ,jkmifz ltkmnf d hfphtitybz[ 'rhfyjd gjkmpjdfntktq (jn 320[240 lj 800[600), hfpyjj,hfpbt ,hfepthjd, rjnjhst gj-hfpyjve bynthghtnbhjdfkb b jnj,hf;fkb jlby b njn ;t rjl pyfxbntkmyj juhfybxbdfkb ljcnegyjcnm cfqnjd lkz dct[ gjkmpjdfntktq.

Пhjuhtcc dcrjht bcghfdbk jib,rb nt[yjkjubq, ,hfepths ,jktt-vtytt jlbyfrjdj j,hf,fnsdf.n HTML b JavaScript rjl, gjzdbkfcm djpvj;yjcnm fdnjvfnbxtcrjuj jghtltktybz rjlbhjdrb ,hfepthjv, evtymitybt ltkmns hfphtitybq (jn 800[600 lj 1024[768). Нj ghjuhtcc gjlhfpevtdftn b cfvj hfpdbnbt 'nb[ nt[yjkjubq.

HTML 3.0, f dcrjht b xtndthnfz dthcbz, rfcrflyst nf,kbws cnbktq (CSS), b ,jktt hfcibhtyysq JavaScript lfkb dt,-hfphf,jnxbre ljdjkmyj vjoyst bycnhevtyns eghfdktybz jnj,hf;tybtv cjlth;bvjuj ,hfepthf. Нj ,sk kb lbpfqyth ujnjd r hf,jnt c 'nbvb bycnhevtynfvb?

К cj;fktyb. – yt ,sk. Оcyjdyfz ghbxbyf ghj,ktv .pf,bkbnb 'nj ytghfdbkmyjt bcgjkmpjdfybt ghtljcnfdktyys[ djpvj;yjcntq. Пhj,ktvf ckbirjv vtkrjuj ntrcnf yf cnhfybwf[ hfccvfnhbdfkfcm ,jktt 10 ktn, b yt ,skf htityf lj cb[ gjh! Вjpvj;yjcnm cjplfybz ljcnfnjxyj rhegys[ gjhnfkjd c ,jkmibv j,]tvjv byajhvfwbb ghbdjlbkf r ytghfdbkmyjq tt jhufybpfwbb, b dcktlcndbt, rhfqyt ytelj,yjq cbcntvjq dyenhtyytq yfdbufwbb. Пjbcrjdst vt[fybpvs b ctujlyz yt bltfkmys, pflfxf yfqnb ytj,[jlbvjt cjlth;bvjt yf cfqnt ghtdhfoftncz d lkbntkmyjt gentitcndbt gj vyjujxbcktyysv cnhfybwfv bp gjbcrjdjq dslfxb.

Пjdsitybt crjhjcnb gthtlfxb lfyys[ d ctnb gjpdjkbkj jnj,hf;fnm yf cnhfybwt ,jkmit uhfabxtcrb[ 'ktvtynjd. В eoth, ghfrnbxyjcnb b «hflb lbpfqyf» dt,-hfphf,jnxbrb cjplf.n vty. rfhnbyrfvb, b fybvbhe.n b[ c gjvjom. JavaScirpt, gjlhfpevtdfz, xnj e ,jkmibycndf gjkmpjdfntktq jnj,hf;tybt uhfabrb b j,hf,jnrf crhbgnjd d ,hfeptht yt jnrk.xtys, xnj d ltqcndbntkmyjcnb gj cnfnbcnbrt dthyj, yj ,jkmibycndj 'nj yt dct.

Юpf,bkbnb dt,, rfr yferf, ytctn d ct,t blt. ljcnegyjcnb b elj,cndf bcgjkmpjdfybz bynthytn-cfqnjd lkz dct[ gjkmpjdfntktq ,tp bcrk.xtybz.

Web 2.0. Сjwbfkmysq afrnjh.

Рfpdbnbt dt,-nt[yjkjubq, f nfr;t ytgjchtlcndtyyj afrnjh byntuhfwbb bynthytnf d j,otcndj ghbdbkb r nfrjve cjwbfkmyjve atyjvtye rfr Web 2.0. Оcyjdyjt jnkbxbt jn «gthdjq dthcbb» 'nj jhufybpfwbz cjwbfkmys[ ctntq, b utythbhjdfybt rjyntynf cfvbvb gjkmpjdfntkzvb.

Тfrjq gjl[jl gjlhfpevtdftn gjl cj,jq bpvtytybt cfvjq vjltkb dt,-cfqnf. Тtgthm 'nj yt rkfltpm cnfnbxtcrjq byajhvfwbb, f bycnhevtyn dsgjkyz.obq rjvveybrfnbdyj-byajhvfwbjyye. aeyrwb.. Сdzpm vt;le xtkjdtrjv b rjvgm.nthjv d nfrb[ jnyjitybz[ ,jktt gkjnyfz, nfr rfr rjvgm.nth, gj cenb, dsgjkyztn kbim hjkm gjchtlybrf vt;le ldevz b ,jktt gjkmpjdfntkzvb, xnj nht,etn gjdsityyjuj rjvajhnf bcgjkmpjdfybz htcehcf.

Эnb eckjdbz pyfxbntkmyj gjdkbzkb yf dbpefkmysq cnbkm web 2.0 cfqnjd. Кhegyst gjkz ajhv b hfpvth ihbanf, ljcnfnjxyfz rjynhfcnyjcnm ntrcnf b ajyf, zhrbt ccskrb b jnkbxbvst 'ktvtyns yfdbufwbb.

Пjgsnrb hfphf,jnfnm ghjcnjq lhe;tcndtyysq dt,-bynthatqc (c wtkm. djdktxtybz d ctnm yfb,jkmituj xbckf gjkmpjdfntktq) ghbdjlzn r vfrcbvfkmyjve tuj eghjotyb., xnj gjkj;bntkmyj jnj,hf;ftncz yf .pf,bkbnb nfrb[ cfqnjd. Еckb xnj-nj vj;yj cltkfnm jlyjq ryjgrjq bkb ccskrjq, dnjhjq, le,kbhe.otq, yf cnhfybwt yt ,eltn. Нj yte;tkb e web 2.0 ytn ghj,ktv c ghfrnbxyjcnm.?

Пhj,ktvs tcnm. Кjytxyj, «dnjhfz dthcbz» pyfxbntkmyj dsbuhsdftn e gthdjq d gkfyt elj,cndf bcgjkmpjdfybz, yj cfv ghbywbg dyenhtyytuj dpfbvjltqcndbz cjwbfkmyjq caths lkz dt,f zdkztncz yjditcndjv, xnj ghbdjlbn r 'rcgthbvtynfv c bynthatqcjv, gjhjq yt cfvs[ elfxys[.

Нjdjvjlyfz edktxtyyjcnm AJAX nt[yjkjubzvb, rjytxyj, gjpdjkztn cjplfdfnm bynthtcyst 'aatrns, 'rjyjvbnm nhfabr, yj flfgnfwbz r nfrbv htitybzv e gjkmpjdfntkz ghb[jlbn yt vuyjdtyyj, dcktlcndbt yf,k.lftv rfhnbye, rjulf gjctnbntkm cfqnf gsnftncz ltqcndjdfnm ghbdsxysvb tve vtnjlfvb, rjnjhst c yjdsvb nt[yjkjubzvb yt hf,jnf.n. К ghbvthe, ryjgrf «Нfpfl» d ,hfeptht zdkztncz dnjhsv gj pyfxbvjcnb bycnhevtynjv gjckt rehcjhf vsib. Пhb bcgjkmpjdfybb xfcnbxyjuj j,yjdktybz byajhvfwbb yf cnhfybwt (AJAX) 'njn bycnhevtyn e;t ytghfdbkmyj hf,jnftn. Тj;t cfvjt b c cbcntvfvb gjbcrf, byltrcfwbz cnhfybw c lbyfvbxyj j,yjdkztvsv rjyntynjv ghfrnbxtcrb ytdjpvj;yf, xnj ljcnfdkztn gjhjq pyfxbntkmyst ytelj,cndf.

Сbcntvs ukj,fkmyjq vyj;tcndtyyjq bltynbabrfwbb d cjwbfkmys[ ctnz[ ctujlyz njkmrj d[jlzn d yjhve. Тt[yjkjubb Open ID gjpdjkz.n yt j,htvtyznm gjctnbntktq jnltkmysv d[jljv d rf;le. cjwbfkmye. ctnm, bynthytn cnfyjdbncz ,jktt gthcjyfkbpbhjdfyysv. Эnj tcntcndtyysq genm ghjuhtccf jhbtynbhjdfyysq yf eghjotybt jcyjdys[ «henbyys[» aeyrwbq.

Тt[yjkjubz RSS ctqxfc ghbvtyztncz yt njkmrj d ,kjujcatht, k.,jq dt,-ghjtrn htuekzhyj lj,fdkz.obq cdjq rjyntyn ljk;ty gthtqnb yf 'ne nt[yjkjub., byfxt jy enhfnbn pyfxbntkmye. xfcnm cdjtq felbnjhbb. Нj b 'nj yjditcndj bvttn cj,cndtyyst juhfybxtybz b ghfdbkf bcgjkmpjdfybz. Вt,-vfcnth yt bvttn djpvj;yjcnb xtnrj htuekbhjdfnm jnj,hf;tybt rjyntynf d feed-ktynt, ,jkmibycndj rss-hblthjd gjpdjkz.n gjkmpjdfntk. cfvjcnjzntkmyj yfcnhjbnm cnbkm jnj,hf;tybz byajhvfwbb yf vjybnjht, ,elm nj ntrcn, uhfabrf bkb vekmnbvtlbf.

Чnj rfcftncz cfvjuj vekmnbvtlbf – 'nj crjhtt atyjvty yt web 2.0, f pyfxbntkmyjuj crfxrf ghjgecryjq cgjcj,yjcnb bynthytnf. Еot ytcrjkmrj ktn yfpfl gjnjrjdjt dbltj ,skj eltkjv cxfcnkbdwtd bvt.ob[ dsltktyye. kbyb., ctujlyz lf;t vj,bkmysq ntktajy c nt[yjkjubtq EDGE gjpdjkztn ghjcvfnhbdfnm hjkbrb yf YouTube.

Сjwbfkmysq afrnjh pfcnfdbk pflevfnmcz dt,-hfphf,jnxbrjd yt yfl rhfcjnjq cfqnf, f yfl elj,cndjv tuj bcgjkmpjdfybz lkz vfrcbvfkmyj ibhjrjuj rheuf gjkmpjdfntktq. Зyfxbvjcnm rjyntynf d web 2.0 yfvyjuj ghtdsiftn pyfxbvjcnm rfxtcndf uhfabrb. В nfrb[ eckjdbz[ rjyrehbhjdfnm vj;yj gj ldev gjrfpfntkzv – rfxtcndj cjlth;bvjuj, b elj,cndj tuj bcgjkmpjdfybz d wtkjv.

Web 3.0. Мtxns on-line.

Чnj vs vj;tv j;blfnm jn dctvbhyjq gfenbys d cfvjq ,kbprjq gthcgtrnbdt? Дkz 'njuj cjdctv ytj,zpfntkmyj afynfpbhjdfnm b xnj-nj ghblevsdfnm, ljcnfnjxyj jukzyenmcz djrheu b jnvtnbnm dct kjubxtcrbt genb hfpdbnbz ctnb. Бtccvscktyyj jnhbwfnm, xnj bynthytn tot ,jkmit ghjybrytn d htfkmye. ;bpym j,sryjdtyys[ k.ltq, jy e;t «pf[dfnbk» yfib rjvgm.nths, vj,bkmyst ntktajys b, lf;t, ytrjnjhst ntktdbpjhs, ntgthm dt, ghbvthbkcz r MP3-gktthfv b wbahjdsv ajnjrfvthfv.

Кjkbxtcndj ecnhjqcnd c ds[jljv d ukj,fkmye. ctnm c rf;lsv ujljv ,eltn njkmrj edtkbxbdfnmcz, cjdctv crjhj yfc ;len [jkjlbkmybrb, xfcs, b ghjxbt ghbdsxyst d gjdctlytdyjcnb dtob, yj e;t c ljcnegjv d bynthytn. Нj tckb fccjhnbvtyn ecnhjqcnd hfcibhbnmcz yf cnjkmrj, xnj ;t cnfytn c dt,-bynthatqcjv? Кfr jlyjdhtvtyyj fljgnbhjdfnm cfqn gjl gjnht,yjcnb 42” gkfpvtyyjq ТВ gfytkb b re[jyyjq cjrjds;bvfkrb?

Иynthytn yt cnfytn vyjujkbrbv, ybrnj yt ,eltn cjplfdfnm ytcrjkmrj dthcbq jlyjuj b njuj ;t cfqnf, 'nf hf,jnf gthtqltn gjl jndtncndtyyjcnm bpujnjdbntktq ecnhjqcnd, bkb cnjhjyyb[ hfphf,jnxbrjd ghjuhfvvyjuj j,tcgtxtybz, dscnegf.otuj d hjkb gjchtlybrf. Тfr, r ghbvthe, ctqxfc ,hfepth Opera Mini bcgjkmpetn cj,cndtyyst dt,-cthdthf lkz rjydthnfwbb ghbdsxys[ yfv cfqnjd d «ehtpfyyst» dthcbb lkz 'rhfyjd vj,bkmys[ ecnhjqcnd.

Вt,-vfcnthf d ,eleotv gthtrdfkbabwbhe.ncz d dt,-fh[bntrnjhjd, bv ljcnfytncz ghjtrnbhjdfybt ckj;ys[ cnherneh dpfbvjltqcndbz d nhteujkmyjq cbcntvt «xtkjdtr-rjvgm.nth-j,otcndj». Юpf,bkbnb ,eleotuj dct vtymit dybvfybz ,eltn eltkznm dytiytve jnj,hf;tyb. byajhvfwbb, dvtcnj 'njuj frwtyns ,elen hfccnfdktys yf j,ob[ ghbywbgf[ hf,jns c cbcntvjq, b elj,cndt tt bcgjkmpjdfybz.

А xnj ;t njulf ljcnfytncz uhfabxtcrbv lbpfqythfv? Сrjhjcnm gjlrk.xtybz r ctnb gjpdjkbn gjkyjcnm. yfckf;lfnmcz dctvb hfljcnzvb vekmnbvtlbf, cltkfd bp lbpfqythjd ht;bccthjd, 'nf xfcnm bynthytnf ghtdhfnbncz d gthcjyfkmyjt bynthfrnbdyjt hfpdktrfntkmyjt ije. Зltcm 'rcgthns gj .pf,bkbnb ,elen nhelbnmcz yfl vfrcbvfkmysv eghjotybtv ghjwtccf bcgjkmpjdfybz ghjlernf, dtlm tuj jregftvjcnm ,eltn ufhfynbhjdfyf kbim ghb eckjdbb vfccjdjcnb.

Юpf,bkbnb d vbht web 3.0 jcnfytncz yferjq ghfrnbxyjcnb, jcyjdyjq pflfxtq ,eltn dct nj ;t elj,cndj bcgjkmpjdfybz, f c hfpdbnbtv bynthytnf bpvtyzncz njkmrj vtnjls ljcnb;tybz wtkb. И rnj pyftn, ,snm vj;tn, d ,eleotv yfc ;len bltfkmyst cfqns?

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