|
ÀÁÐÀÊÀÄÀÁÐÀ (Òîæå ñàìîå íî â ÷èòàåìîì âèäå)
 ghfrnbrt ghjtrnbhjdfybz b
hfphf,jnrb ghjuhfvvyjuj ghjlernf (ÏÎ) xfcnj djpybrf.n cbnefwbb, rjulf
ghjbc[jlbn j,ce;ltybt djghjcjd, pfnhfubdf.ob[ bynthtcs gjkmpjdfntkz. Åckb
fdnjvfnbpbhetvst ,bpytc-jgthfwbb (d hfphtpt aeyrwbjyfkmys[ nht,jdfybq r ybv)
zdkz.ncz ghtlvtnjv ltnfkmyjuj bpextybz, nj ghj,ktvfv, cdzpfyysv c
ltzntkmyjcnm. gjkmpjdfntkz, eltkztncz vfkj dybvfybz, b jyb hfccvfnhbdf.ncz d
gjcktly.. jxthtlm.
Ñgtwbfkbcn gj 'hujyjvbrt bkb, xfot
dctuj, dsgjkyz.obq 'ne hjkm lbpfqyth gjkmpjdfntkmcrjuj bynthatqcf (ÏÈ),
exfcndetn (dj dczrjv ckexft, - ljk;ty) d hf,jnt ghjtrnyjq uheggs ghb
j,ce;ltybb ltnfktq ghjtrnf, rfcf.ob[cz dpfbvjltqcndbz gjkmpjdfntkz b
ghjuhfvvyjuj ghjlernf. Ïhtlvtnjv tuj pf,jn zdkz.ncz bynthtcs gjkmpjdfntkz,
'aatrnbdyjcnm, ghjbpdjlbntkmyjcnm b elj,cndj hf,jns gjkmpjdfntkz.
Îlyfrj, e 'hujyjvbcnf vjuen
djpybryenm nhelyjcnb d jncnfbdfybb cdjb[ gjpbwbq. Èyjulf ckj;yj
jghtltkbnm bynthtcs dct[ exfcnybrjd j,ce;ltybz b yfqnb cbkmye.
fhuevtynfwb. lkz gfhbhjdfybz djphf;tybq rjkktu. Çflfxtq lfyyjq cnfnmb zdkztncz
gjlujnjdrf r dtltyb. ltkjds[ ,tctl gj djghjcfv ghjtrnbhjdfybz b
hfphf,jnrb gjkmpjdfntkmcrjuj bynthatqcf. Ïhtlcnfdktyysq vfnthbfk gjvj;tn
lj,bnmcz gjybvfybz b ghbyznbz gjpbwbb 'hujyjvbcnf d ghjtrnt ghb
jncnfbdfybb bynthtcjd gjkmpjdfntkz.
Âjphf;tybz
"Ìs ghjdtkb fyfkbp hsyrf b yf eghfdktyxtcrjv cjdtofybb
dszcybkb b htibkb, rfrjq ghjlern vs ,eltv hfphf,fnsdfnm."
"ß jgsnysq vtytl;th b d rjvgm.nthyjv ,bpytct e;t N ktn. ß
pyf., xnj gjkmpjdfntk. ye;yj…"
"ß cfv gjkmpjdfntkm b z pyf., xnj vyt ye;yj"
Ïhjldbyenjt: «Ìs ghjdtkb vfhrtnbyujdst bccktljdfybz, gj'njve
vs pyftv, xnj ye;yj gjnht,bntk.."
Îwtyrf cbnefwbb
Ìtytl;ths pyf.n j ,eleob[ gjkmpjdfntkz[ d njq xfcnb, xnj
bv ytj,[jlbvj lkz jgbcfybz aeyrwbjyfkmyjcnb byajhvfwbjyyjq cbcntvs.
Âpfbvjltqcndbt gjkmpjdfntkz c ghbkj;tybtv htlrj zdkztncz j,]trnjv bpextybz
bp-pf jncencndbz pyfybq d 'njq j,kfcnb.
Àhuevtynfwbz
Òj, xnj vtytl;ths d rjvgfybb–hfphf,jnxbrt
ghjuhfvvyjuj ghjlernf ghtlkfuf.n d gjkmpjdfntkmcrjv bynthatqct, 'nj ghtlcnfdkztn
cj,jq jghtltktyysq bynthtc, jlyfrj 'nb vtytl;ths yt zdkz.ncz ,eleobvb
gjkmpjdfntkzvb. Òj, xnj jyb [jnzn edbltnm d gjkmpjdfntkmcrjv bynthatqct, – ytj,zpfntkmyj
nj, xnj ye;yj gjkmpjdfntkzv. Âct ljcnjbycndf ghjlernf vjuen bcxtpyenm
ghb yt'aatrnbdyjq hf,jnt gjkmpjdfntkz (cjnhelybrf) yf cghjtrnbhjdfyyjv
fdnjvfnbpbhjdfyyjv hf,jxtv vtcnt (ÀÐÌ) dgkjnm lj jnrfpf j,exfnmcz b bcgjkmpjdfnm ÏÎ.
Ñnfnbcnbxtcrbt vtnjls, bcgjkmpetvst d vfhrtnbyujds[ bccktljdfybz[,
xfcnj yt lf.n fltrdfnys[ pflfxfv gjkmpjdfntkz rfxtcndtyys[ lfyys[. Ñ gjvjom.
yb[ abrcbhe.ncz kbim j,obt, xfcnj dcnhtxf.obtcz ;tkftvst htpekmnfns dpfbvjltqcndbz
wtktdjq felbnjhbb c ghjuhfvvys[ ghjlernjv. Äkz lbpfqyf gjkmpjdfntkmcrjuj bynthatqcf
ytj,[jlbvj gjybvfnm vjltkm lfyys[ b cwtyfhbq hf,jns gjntywbfkmyjuj gjkmpjdfntkz
ghjuhfvvyjuj ghjlernf, xnj nht,etn vtnjljd fyfkbpf, [fhfrnthys[ lkz 'hujyjvbxtcrjuj
bccktljdfybz.
Âjphf;tybz
«Ó yfc tcnm uheggf c bynthtcysvb bltzvb, yjdsvb rjywtgwbzvb,
vjoysvb nt[yjkjubzvb. Ítcjvytyyj, jyb vjuen hfphf,jnfnm ,jkmie. cbcntve, ukfdyjt
ghtljcnfdbnm gjkmpjdfntk. yjdst aeyrwbb, f yt ,jktt rhfcbdst rfhnbyrb.»
«Ìs ltkftv f,cjk.nyj yjde. dtom, ybrnj yt d cjcnjzybb ghjfyfkbpbhjdfnm
tt. Ífv dct hfdyj rfr k.lb hf,jnf.n ctqxfc, d htpekmnfnt htfkbpfwbb rjywtgwbb
yfitq cbcntvs jyb ,elen hf,jnfnm gj-lheujve.»
«Ìs vj;tv cltkfnm cbcntve, ghtdjc[jlzoe. gj aeyrwbzv
fyfkju NNN, yflj lj,fdbnm nj-nj b bpvtybnm 'nj, b[ ytgkj[jq gjkmpjdfntkmcrbq
bynthatqc vj;yj ghjcnj djcghjbpdtcnb e yfc.»
Îwtyrf cbnefwbb
×fot dctuj aeyrwbb rhtfnbdobrf
dsgjkyztn nt[ybxtcrbq cgtwbfkbcn gj gthcgtrnbdysv nt[yjkjubzv. Îy [jhjij
hfp,bhftncz d ljcnjbycndf[ b ytljcnfnrf[ fyfkjujd, ghjuhfvvys[ gkfnajhv,
ldb;rjd, zlth b gh., yj htlrj ghjdjlbn ltnfkmye. jwtyre yjdfwbq d ,b,kbjntrf[
gjllth;bdf.ob[ gjkmpjdfntkmcrbq bynthatqc. Â yjds[ ghjuhfvvys[ htitybz[
ghfrnbxtcrb yt exbnsdftncz gjdtltybt yjdjq felbnjhbb gjkmpjdfntktq,
djcnht,jdfyyjcnm jnltkmys[ aeyrwbq gjkmpjdfntkmcrjuj bynthatqcf. È yfj,jhjn,
xfcnj yt j,ce;lftncz b yt jwtybdftncz, yfcrjkmrj ghtlkfuftvst yjdfnjhfvb
jcj,tyyjcnb ÏÈ («abxb») ,elen wtktcjj,hfpys lkz gjkmpjdfntkz. Ðtitybz gj
lbpfqye ÏÈ j,ce;lf.ncz cj cgtwbfkbcnfvb gj 'hujyjvbrt dhtvz jn dhtvtyb b ythtlrj ghbybvf.ncz gj ghbywbge
«z nfr db;e».
Àhuevtynfwbz
Êjytxyj, yjdst bltb b nt[yjkjubb j,tcgtxbdf.n htitybz. Íj
ytj,[jlbvj jndtnbnm - yfcrjkmrj yjdfnjhcndj 'njuj ghjlernf ,eltn htfkmyj djcnht,jdfyj
gjkmpjdfntkzvb, b jyb tuj ,elen ghbvtyznm. Âjpvj;yj, ghjlern, d cbke tuj ytghbdsxyjcnb,
,eltn gjkmpjdfntkzvb jndthuyen, bkb jrf;tncz nhelysv d j,extybb bkb bcgjkmpjdfybb.
Âs [jnbnt hfphf,jnfnm ghjlern, rjnjhsq hfphf,jnxbrfv rf;tncz
dtkbrjktgysv bkb njn, rjnjhsq ,jkmibycndj gjkmpjdfntktq ,elen cxbnfnm nfrbv?
Åckb yjdbpyf cbcntvs yt j,eckjdktyf tt gjktpyjcnm. lkz gjkmpjdfntkz
b yt gjyznyf tve, nj tcnm dscjrfz dthjznyjcnm, xnj ybrnj yt gjqvtn tt aeyrwbq b
yt cvj;tn bcgjkmpjdfnm cbcntve. Ïj'njve, tckb gjkmpjdfntkb jnrf;encz bcgjkmpjdfnm
bp-pf ytelj,cndf b ckj;yjcnb Âfi ghjlern, Âs, dthjznyj, yt bvttnt hsyrf lkz
ytuj.
Åckb Âs yt pyftnt j njv, rfr ctqxfc
gjkmpjdfntkm htiftn cdjb pflfxb yf fyfkjuf[ Âfitve ghjlerne b rfrbt jy bcgsnsdftn
nhelyjcnb, rfr Âs ,eltnt pyfnm, rfrjq cgjcj, dpfbvjltqcndbz gjkmpjdfntkz b
cbcntvs ,eltn ,jktt 'aatrnbdysv? Âs edthtyys, xnj Âs yt gjdnjhbnt jib,jr
ghjlernjd–fyfkjujd bkb yt cjplflbnt yjds[ ghj,ktv? Íf xtv ,fpbhe.ncz Âfib htitybz, rfrb[
ghbywbgjd d ghjtrnbhjdfybb ÏÈ Âs ghblth;bdftntcm, tckb Âs yt pyftnt ghbywbgjd hf,jns
c e;t ltqcnde.obvb cbcntvfvb?
Âjphf;tybt
«Èccktljdfybt nht,jdfybq b ghjtrnbhjdfybt cgtwbfkmyjuj bynthatqcf
gjkmpjdfntkz yt cgtwbabxyj lkz yfituj ghjlernf b yfitq rjvgfybb. Ìs yt [jnbv
gkfnbnm pf 'nj. Âs - cgtwbfkbcn gj lbpfqye bynthatqcjd. Âs ljk;ys cjj,ofnm
yfv j gjkmpjdfntkz[, rjnjhsv ye;ty yfi ghjlern b [fhfrnthys[ lkz yb[ jcj,tyyjcnz[
bynthatqcf»
Îwtyrf cbnefwbb
Ïjcktlybt ujls ghfrnbxtcrb dj dct
yjdst ghjtrns ghbdktrf.n cgtwbfkbcnf d ghjatccbjyfkmyjq j,kfcnb – ,bpytc fyfkbnbrf.
Îyb, ltnfkmyj ghtlcnfdkzz cdj. ghjatccbjyfkmye. j,kfcnm, ,bpytc-ghjwtccs, crjdfys
ghbdsxysvb ghtlcnfdktybzvb j, 'ktvtynf[ gjkmpjdfntkmcrjuj bynthatqcf b byjulf yt vjuen
gj-yjdjve dpukzyenm yf dpfbvjltqcndbt gjkmpjdfntkz b ghjuhfvvyjuj ghjlernf. Ðfphf,jnrf
;t hf,jxb[ vtcn cjnhelybrjd yt drk.xftn nht,jdfybq r ecnjqxbdjcnb b
yflt;yjcnb hf,jns gjkmpjdfntktq. Â Èynthytn-ghjtrnf[ nht,jdfybz r gjkmpjdfntk. xfcnj
djcghbybvf.ncz 'rcgthnfvb rfr vfhrtnbyujdst ghjabkb gjkmpjdfntktq Èynthytn-cnhfybws
rjvgfybb, gjhnfkf b gh., gj'njve e 'rcgthnjd gj jnyjityb. r 'hujyjvbcne djpybrf.n
j;blfybz d dszdktybb hsyjxys[ gjnht,yjcntq gjkmpjdfntkz b tuj cjjndtncnde.otuj
gjdtltybz yf Web-cfqnt.
Àhuevtynfwbz
Êjvgfybz, hfphf,fnsdf.ofz ghjlern c hfpdbnjq lbfkjujdjq cbcntvjq,
yt ljk;yf gjkfufnmcz yf j,ott ghtlcnfdktybt j gjkmpjdfntkz[. ×nj,s dsbuhfnm
hsyjxyjt cjhtdyjdfybt c lheubvb cbcntvfvb, Âs ljk;ys epyfnm ,jktt j gjkmpjdfntkz[,
xtv Âfi rjyrehtyn.
Ýhujyjvbcn yt vj;tn ,snm 'rcgthnjv dj dct[ j,kfcnz[. Åuj
cgtwbfkmyst pyfybz cjcnjzn bp vtnjljd, gjvjuf.ob[ epyfnm j gjnht,yjcnz[ gjkmpjdfntkz
b tuj yfdsrf[, lkz njuj xnj,s gjnjv gthtdtcnb b[ d ghbywbgs b htitybz gjkmpjdfntkmcrjuj
bynthatqcf.
Ätnfkmyjt, rjyrhtnyjt pyfybt gjnht,yjcntq gjkmpjdfntkz –
htfkmyjt rjyrehtynyjt ghtbveotcndj, rjnjhjt nht,etn cjjndtncnde.otq gjlujnjdrb
b nt[yjkjubb hf,jns.
Ìtnjls hf,jns 'hujyjvbcnf gjpdjkztn bpexbnm ghtlgjkfuftve.
yf ÀÐÌt hf,jne yf jcyjdt yf,k.ltybq, bynthdm., fyfkbpf ljrevtynjd b ghjdtltybz
bcgsnfybq yf ghjnjnbgf[.
Âjphf;tybz
"Ïjkmpjdfntkb yt vjuen eltkbnm dhtvz jn b[ hf,jn, xnj,s exfcndjdfnm
d fyfkbpt nht,jdfybq gjnht,bntkz b ntcnbhjdfybb ghjnjnbgjd."
«Ýnj yt dgbcsdftncz d yfit gkfybhjdfybt, vs bvttv jxtym c;fnst
chjrb, yfv yflj dytlhbnm ghjlern e;t xthtp N vtczwtd.»
Îwtyrf cbnefwbb
Ðerjdjlbntkb ghjtrnf xfcnj yt bvt.n
djpvj;yjcnb jhufybpjdfnm rjynfrn c htfkmysvb gjkmpjdfntkzvb bkb pfrfpxbrfvb,
rjnjhst [jhjij pyf.n b[ nheljdjq ghjwtcc. Êhjvt njuj, nhflbwbjyyj d ghfrnbrt
hfphf,jnrb ÏÎ hjccbqcrbvb rjvgfybzvb ljkz afps ghjtrnbhjdfybz yfvyjuj vtymit,
xtv e fyfkjubxys[ rjvgfybq, yfghbvth, d Ådhjgt. Ñjrhfotybz dhtvtyb xfot dctuj
ghb[jlbzncz yf vfkj gjyznyst gj htpekmnfne (c njxrb phtybz herjdjlbntkz
ghjtrnf) 'nfgs ghjtrnbhjdfybz dpfbvjltqcndbz cbcntvs c gjkmpjdfntktv. ×fot dctuj ghjtrnbhjdfybt rkbtyncrjq xfcnb
hfccvfnhbdftn rfr ghjwtcc jhufybpfwbb ddjlf – dsdjlf lfyys[ lkz gjllth;rb
cthdthyjq ,bpytc - kjubrb.
Àhuevtynfwbz
Î,sxyj chjrb ghjtrnjd jxtym ;tcnrbt. Íj yflj exbnsdfnm, xnj
lf;t tckb cgtwbfkmyj yt gkfybhjdfnm dhtvz yf jnltkmyst 'nfgs ghjtrnbhjdfybz
ÏÈ, nfrbt, yfghbvth, rfr fyfkbp gjkmpjdfntkmcrb[ nht,jdfybq, hfphf,jnre ghbywbgjd
bynthatqcf, hfphf,jnre cwtyfhbz lbfkjuf b gh., nj jyb j,zpfntkmyj ghbcencnde.n
b htfkbpe.ncz d ghjwtcct ;bpytyyjuj wbrkf hfphf,jnrb ÏÎ. Â htpekmnfnt dhtvtyyjq
htcehc dct hfdyj hfc[jletncz, yj dj dytgkfyjdjv gjhzlrt b d ,jkmijq cntgtyb.
Êhjvt njuj, dhtvz yf ghjdtltybt ytj,[jlbvs[ nt[yjkjubxtcrb[
'nfgjd gj ghjtrnbhjdfyb. bynthatqcf vj;yj vfcinf,bhjdfnm gj dtkbxbyt d cjjndtncndbb
cj chjrfvb ghjtrnf. Ëexit ljk;yj cltkfnm 5-lytdysq fyfkbp nht,jdfybq gjkmpjdfntkz
d ghjwtcct ajhvbhjdfybz aeyrwbjyfkmys[ nht,jdfybq r cbcntvt, xtv jnrfpfnmcz
jn ytuj djj,ot.
Êjytxyj, djdhtvz dsqnb yf hsyjr c yjdsv ghjlernjv (yjdjq
dthcbtq) df;yj lkz gjkextybz hsyjxyjuj ghtbveotcndf b cjrhfotybz dhtvtyb jregftvjcnb
rfgbnfkjdkj;tybq. Íj df;yj yt njkmrj dsgecnbnm htkbp, yj nfr;t b yt vtytt
df;yj gjzdbnmcz yf hsyrt c ghjlernjv ytj,[jlbvsv b djcnht,jdfyysv gjkmpjdfntkzvb.
Ïhtbveotcndj cjplftncz yt dytlhtybtv, f 'aatrnbdysv bcgjkmpjdfybtv ghjlernf.
Åckb gjkmpjdfntkm ljkuj gsnftncz hfpj,hfnmcz, rfr gjkmpjdfnmcz ghjlernjv,
,jhzcm c cj,cndtyysvb ghbdsxysvb ghtlcnfdktybzvb j «ghfdbkmyjq hf,jnt», nj
nthz.ncz dct ghtbveotcndf ,scnhjuj pfgecrf ghjlernf.
Âjphf;tybt
«Ìs yt bvttv ,.l;tn lkz fyfkbpf nht,jdfybq gjkmpjdfntkz.»
«Ïhjdtltybt jwtyrb b ntcnbhjdfybz ghjnjnbgjd nht,etn pyfxbntkmys[
ljgjkybntkmys[ hfc[jljd yf jgkfne hf,jns ntcnthjd.»
Îwtyrf cbnefwbb
Ó vtytl;thjd ghjtrnjd ytn ghtlcnfdktybz j njv, rfrbt htpekmnfns
vj;yj gjkexbnm, hf,jnfz d ytgjchtlcndtyyjv rjynfrnt c gjkmpjdfntkzvb bkb b[
ghtlcnfdbntkzvb. Êhjvt njuj, vtytl;ths uke,jrj yt dybrf.n d nt[yjkjub. hf,jns
'hujyjvbcnf – vtnjlbrb, ghjwtlehs b gh. Êfr htpekmnfn – vtytl;th ghjtrnjd,
lf;t ghb ;tkfybb dytlhbnm ytj,[jlbvst 'hujyjvbxtcrbt 'nfgs d ghjwtcc ghjtrnbhjdfybz
ÏÎ, yt vj;tn pfkj;bnm d cvtne hfc[jljd b j,jcyjdfnm pfnhfns abyfycjdjve vtytl;the
yf lfyye. ltzntkmyjcnm.
Àhuevtynfwbz
Èpextybt gjnht,yjcntq gjkmpjdfntkz yf hfyyb[ 'nfgf[
fyfkbpf gjpdjkbn cghjtrnbhjdfnm gjkmpjdfntkmcrbq bynthatqc, cjjndtncnde.obq
wtkzv b pflfxfv gjkmpjdfntkz, ,jktt fltrdfnysq fdnjvfnbpbhetvsv ,bpytc-ghjwtccfv.
Âszdktybt ljgjkybntkmys[ nht,jdfybq b ghjwtleh yf 'nfgt ntcnbhjdfybz b dytlhtybz
ghjlernf dktxtn pf cj,jq gthtltkre ujnjdjuj ghjlernf, b ,eltn cnjbnm yfvyjuj
ljhj;t lkz ghjbpdjlcndf gj chfdytyb. c hfc[jlfvb yf hfyyb[ 'nfgf[ ghjtrnbhjdfybz.
Âjphf;tybt
«Âfib vtnjls ,jkmit gj[j;b yf yfexyst bccktljdfybz, yt;tkb
yf ghfrnbxtcrbt nt[yjkjubb ghjtrnbhjdfybz. Ìs yt - d eybdthcbntnt. Ìs – rjvgfybz,
hfphf,fnsdf.ofz rjyrhtnysq ghjuhfvvysq ghjlern b yt vj;tv nhfnbnm htcehcs
yf hfphf,jnrb, yt bvt.obt htfkmyjq rjvvthxtcrjq jnlfxb.»
Îwtyrf cbnefwbb
Ìtytl;ths d IT-rjvgfybz[ yfghfdktys yf rjyrhtnysq rjvvthxtcrbq
htpekmnfn d xtnrj juhfybxtyyst chjrb. Ìtnjls, ghbvtyztvst 'hujyjvbcnfvb, jnkbxf.ncz
cdjtq uevfybnfhyjq jcyjdjq jn nt[ybxtcrb[ vtnjljd, gj'njve xfcnj nhelyj ghtlcrfpfnm,
rfrbt htpekmnfns ,elen gjkextys b rfr jyb ,elen byntuhbhjdfys d ljrevtyns
ghjtrnf.
Àhuevtynfwbz
Ýhujyjvbxtcrbt vtnjls ltqcndbntkmyj bcgjkmpe.n ytrjnjhst
nt[ybrb, rjnjhst bcgjkmpjdfkbcm hfytt d yfexys[ bccktljdfybz[. Îlyfrj, rfr
b vyjubt lheubt nt[yjkjubb, hjlbdibtcz d frfltvbxtcrjq chtlt, jyb ,skb flfgnbhjdfys
lkz rjvvthxtcrb[ wtktq b ecgtiyj gjlndthlbkb cdj. 'aatrnbdyjcnm d ghfrnbrt
ghjtrnbhjdfybz. Ñtqxfc ibhjrj bcgjkmpe.ncz nt[ybrb j,otybz lkz c,jhf nht,jdfybq
gjkmpjdfntkz, cgjcj,s fyfkbpf b gjcnhjtybz rjywtgnefkmyjq vjltkb lfyys[, vtnjls
'hujyjvbxtcrjq jwtyrb ghjnjnbgjd gjkmpjdfntkmcrjuj bynthatqcf, ghbtvs rjvgjyjdrb
uhfabxtcrb[ jrjy b gh.
Ïhb cdjtq c[j;tcnb gj ajhvt c yfexysvb vtnjlfvb, nt[yjkjubb
'hujyjvbxtcrjuj ghjtrnbhjdfybz dsgjkyz.n xbcnj enbkbnfhye. aeyrwb.. À bvtyyj
- lf.n d herb hfphf,jnxbrjd chtlcndf gjkexbnm rjyrhtnysq htpekmnfn ghb
jgbcfybb b vjltkbhjdfybb dpfbvjltqcndbz jghtltktyyjuj nbgf gjkmpjdfntktq c
rjyrhtnysv ghjuhfvvysv ghjlernjv. Ífb,jktt 'aatrnbdysvb htpekmnfnfvb zdkz.ncz
cgbcjr nht,jdfybq gjkmpjdfntkz r ghjlerne, yjhvfnbdyst gjrfpfntkb tuj hf,jns,
cwtyfhbq hf,jns gjkmpjdfntkz, ghjnjnbg uhfabxtcrjuj (bkb pderjdjuj) bynthatqcf,
jnpsds j hf,jnt c ghjlernjv.
Âjphf;tybt
«Ïjkmpjdfntkb yt pyf.n, xnj jyb [jnzn.»
«Ïjkmpjdfntkb ghjnbdjhtxfn d nht,jdfybz[ cfvb ct,t.»
«Ñrjkmrj gjkmpjdfntktq, cnjkmrj b vytybq. Êf;lsq [jxtn edbltnm
d bynthatqct ytxnj cdjt, yf dct[ yt eujlbim.»
Ïhjldbyensq gjl[jl: «Âvtcnj njuj, xnj,s fyfkbpbhjdfnm nht,jdfybz
gjkmpjdfntkz, vs cltkftv ghjnjnbg b jnntcnbhetv 'nj c gjkmpjdfntkzvb."
Îwtyrf cbnefwbb
 ghjtrnf[ c cbkmyj c;fnsvb chjrfvb hfphf,jnrb
ghjuhfvvbcns cjrhfof.n 'nfg ,bpytc-fyfkbpf lj vbybvfkmys[ aeyrwbjyfkmys[ nht,jdfybq, bpdtcnys[
bv gj fyfkjufv bkb ghtlsleobv ghjtrnfv. Â jncencndbb rjynfrnf b fghj,bhjdfyys[
vtnjlf[ c,jhf nht,jdfybq r gjkmpjdfntkmcrjve bynthatqce, hfphf,jnxbrb xfcnj
gsnf.ncz ghtlkj;bnm cdjt e;t ujnjdjt htitybt gjkmpjdfntk., htlrj bynthtcezcm,
ecnhfbdftn kb jyj b[ bkb ytn. Ïhfrnbrf b jcj,tyyjcnb rjyrhtnyjq hf,jns gjkmpjdfntkz
buyjhbhe.ncz, hf,jxtt vtcnj gjkmpjdfntkz ghjtrnbhetncz yf jcyjdt cnfylfhnys[
b kturj htfkbpetvs[, yj xfot dctuj ytelj,ys[ lkz gjkmpjdfntkz 'ktvtynjd
bynthatqcf.
Àhuevtynfwbz
Ïjkmpjdfntkb ltqcndbntkmyj yt zdkz.ncz cgtwbfkbcnfvb
d j,kfcnb byajhvfwbjyys[ nt[yjkjubq, b yt vjuen crfpfnm rfrbt djpvj;yjcnb
b juhfybxtybz[ bynthfrnbdys[ cbcntv vj;yj ghbvtybnm lkz hfphf,jnrb b[ hf,jxtuj
vtcnf. Íj jyb ghtrhfcyj pyf.n, rfrbt ltqcndbz (,bpytc-ghjwtlehs) jyb ljk;ys
cjdthifnm, xnj,s dsgjkybnm cdj. pflfxe.
Ñeotcnde.n gcb[jkjubxtcrb j,eckjdktyyst
fkujhbnvs hf,jns gjkmpjdfntktq, jcyjdfyyst yf pfrjyjvthyjcnz[ djcghbznbz b
j,hf,jnrt byajhvfwbb (jlyfrj, ytrjnjhst vt[fybpvs bvt.n cjwbfkmyj-rekmnehyst hfpkbxbz, rjnjhst
yflj exbnsdfnm d ghjtrnbhjdfybb ÏÈ).
Ïjkmpjdfntk. [jxtncz gjkexbnm chtlcndf lkz cnfylfhnyjuj dsgjkytybz
pflfxb d dblt lbfkjujds[ ghjwtleh ghjuhfvvyjuj ghjlernf. Òfrbt chtlcndf nhelyj
hfphf,jnfnm ,tp pyfybz nbgjds[ cwtyfhbtd hf,jns b ghbdsxys[ gjyznbq gjkmpjdfntktq,
xnj d cdj. jxthtlm nht,etn wtktyfghfdktyyjq hf,jns c gjkmpjdfntktv jn fyfkbpf
tuj nht,jdfybq lj jwtyrb b ntcnbhjdfybz c tuj gjvjom. ghjnjnbgjd.
Òtcnbhjdfybt ghjnjnbgf gjkmpjdfntkmcrjuj bynthatqcf ,tp yfxfkmyjq
ajhvekbhjdrb nht,jdfybq b gjrfpfntktq r ytve – ,tcgjktpyjt pfyznbt c njxrb
phtybz 'aatrnbdyjcnb hf,jns. Îyj kbim gjpdjkztn jnctznm uhe,st jib,rb b ytljhf,jnrb
d ghjwtcct lbpfqyf gjkmpjdfntkmcrjuj bynthatqcf gjkmpjdfntkz.
Átp bcgjkmpjdfybz cgtwbfkmys[ vtnjljd lbpfqyf bynthatqcf
tcnm ,jkmibq hbcr gjkexbnm tckb yt jgfcysq lkz gcb[brb b pljhjdmz, nj uhjvjplrbq
b ytelj,ysq lkz gjkmpjdfntkz ghjlern. Ýne hf,jne ljk;ty dsgjkyznm ghjatccbjyfk,
rjnjhsq c jlyjq cnjhjys, pyftn jcj,tyyjcnb gjdtltybz xtkjdtrf, tuj nheljdjq
(bkb byjq) ltzntkmyjcnb, f c lheujq cnjhjys djpvj;yjcnb ghjuhfvvys[ gkfnajhv
b bynthatqcys[ ,b,kbjntr.
Ðfpdbnbt byajhvfwbjyys[ cbcntv gjrfpsdftn, xnj rjyrehtywbz
ghjlernjd bp j,kfcnb aeyrwbjyfkmyjcnb gthtvtoftncz d j,kfcnm elj,cndf b rjvajhnyjcnb
b[ lkz gjkmpjdfntktq. Â 'nb[ eckjdbz[, 'hujyjvbxtcrbt vtnjls ghjtrnbhjdfybz
cnfyjdzncz nt[yjkjubzvb, j,tcgtxbdf.obt hsyjxysq ecgt[ ghjtrne. bcnjxybr http://www.usability.ru/Articles/Andreev_VIII.htm
fdnjhf - Âbrnjh Àylhttd
|
