Êîëëàáîðàíòû, ïîïñà è äåìîêðàòèÿ. Ïî÷åìó óëó÷øåíèå ñòàòüè Âèêèïåäèè óñèëèÿìè ìíîãèõ àâòîðîâ ïðèáëèæàåò åå ê ñóøåíîé âîáëå? Ïî÷åìó â êîììåíòàõ íà Õàáðå ðàçäàþòñÿ ïðèçûâû íå ìèíóñîâàòü íåñòàíäàðòíûå èäåè? Ïî÷åìó ýíòóçèàñòñêèå ïåðåâîäû ñòîëü íåñîâåðøåííû? Ïðîáëåìà âåçäå îäíà: ïðîáëåìà ñîâìåñòíîé ðàáîòû


   www.romver.ru
/ Ïîëíûé ñïèñîê ñòàòåé / Êîëëàáîðàíòû, ïîïñà è äåìîêðàòèÿ

Êàê çàêàçàòü ñàéò


ÀÁÐÀÊÀÄÀÁÐÀ (Òîæå ñàìîå íî â ÷èòàåìîì âèäå)

Ífc dct[ njiybn

Ïjxtve gjcntgtyyjt ekexitybt cnfnmb Âbrbgtlbb ecbkbzvb vyjub[ fdnjhjd fcbvgnjnbxtcrb ghb,kb;ftn tt yt r ytdtljvjve "bltfke", f r ceityjq dj,kt? Ïjxtve dcz cenm b ghtlyfpyfxtybt (cjhbtynbhjdfnmcz d ytbpdtcnyjv gjyznbb) rjywtynhbhe.ncz d gthds[ 2-3 ahfpf[ b hfpltkt "See Also", jcnfkmyjt pfgjkyztncz yferjj,hfpysv cjhjv - ,tpeghtxyj frfltvbxyjq ajhvs, e;fcf.otq ghjnz;yjcnb b ytljrfpetvjq ljcnjdthyjcnb?

Ïjxtve d rjvvtynf[ yf Õf,ht nj b ltkj hfplf.ncz ghbpsds "yt vbyecjdfnm ytcnfylfhnyst bltb"? Înrelf ,thencz j,bls yf "ytjghfdlfyyst vbyecs d rfhve"?

Ïjxtve d ,kjujhtqnbyut "ßyltrcf" Òjg j,ce;lftvs[ pfgbctq dsukzlbn gj[j;t yf gthde. cnhfybwe "Ìjcrjdcrjuj Êjvcjvjkmwf"? Ïjxtve 'ynepbfcncrbt gthtdjls cnjkm ytcjdthityys, dtlm b[ djpvj;yjcnb relf ,jkmit, xtv djpvj;yjcnb k.,juj jnltkmyjuj bplfntkmcndf?

ß crkjyty gjkfufnm, xnj dct 'nb ghj,ktvs - yf cfvjv ltkt jlyf. È ajhvekbhetncz jyf rfr "ghj,ktvf cjdvtcnyjq hf,jns". Ýnf ghj,ktvf rfcftncz yt njkmrj Âbrbgtlbb (b bynthtcyf yt njkmrj b yt cnjkmrj d ghbkj;tybb r ytq). Èynthtcty 'ynepbfpv djrheu ndjhxtcndf njkgs rfr zdktybz, djrheu user-generated content, rjnjhsq yfit dct. Âjrheu vytybz, xnj Content c ,jkmijq ,erds vj;tn ,snm hj;lty vfccjq ,tpkbrb "user"-jd.

(Ñhfpe dsxntv bp hfccvfnhbdftvs[ ckexftd ",tccjpyfntkmyj utythbhetvsq rjyntyn" - yfghbvth, "rfrbt rybub gjkmpjdfntkb xfcnj gjregf.n/xbnf.n dvtcnt" - htrjvtylfntkmyst cbcntvs, rfr bpdtcnyj, byjulf hf,jnf.n:. Î,kfcnm ;t yfib[ bynthtcjd - rjulf gjkmpjdfntkb dpfbvjltqcnde.n c rjyntynjv, cjplfyysv lheu lheujv, cjpyfntkmyj.)

Ìfhi rjkkf,jhfynjd

Òtgthm djn xnj. [...] "Ñjnhelybxtcndj" jpyfxftn - ns b z hf,jnftv dvtcnt, xnj,s cltkfnm 'nj xntybt ytpf,sdftvsv. [...] Åcnm ghj,ktvrf. Ó vtyz yt jxtym-nj gjkexftncz kflbnm c k.lmvb. [...] Â j,otv, ds gjyzkb - "cjnhelybxtcndj" d 'njq rybut yt gjlhfpevtdftn ybrfrjuj cjnhelybxtcndf. ß yt vjue yb c rtv cjnhelybxfnm. Ítt, d 'njq rybut "cjnhelybxtcndj" jpyfxftn vekmnziys[ kbc. Âjn nfr-nj - d 'njq rybut gjkxbof vekmnziys[ kbc. Íe f z ,ele cxbnfnm, xnj dfv elfcncz cjnhelybxfnm c ybvb.
(why the lucky stiff)

 fyukbqcrjv zpsrt rjhtym to collaborate, yt pfgznyfdibq ct,z d ujls Ânjhjq Ìbhjdjq, ysyt ghjxyj fccjwbbhetncz c "htdjk.wbtq cjwbfkmys[ cthdbcjd" Web 2.0.

Ïjkmpjdfntkm, gbieobq jhbubyfkmye. cnfnm. d cj,cndtyysq ,kju - tot yt exfcndetn d "cjdvtcnyjq hf,jnt" (collaborative effort). Ñjdvtcnyfz hf,jnf - 'nj ytcrjkmrj gjkmpjdfntktq, cjdvtcnyj cjplf.ob[ rjyntyn (Wikipedia), abkmnhe.obt tuj (digg - dsytctybt yf "ukfdye." gentv ujkjcjdfybz; del.icio.us - cjdvtcnyjt ntuubhjdfybt), cgjcj,cnde.obt tuj hfcghjcnhfytyb. (gentitcndbt ccskrb, afrnf bkb vtvf gj ,kjufv).

Êfrbt j,obt ghbpyfrb e dct[ 'nb[ ghbvthjd?

Âj-gthds[, dj dct[ ckexfz[ exfcnybrb cjplf.n cjdvtcnyj ytrbq rjyntyn (lf;t tckb dct b[ ltqcndbz pfrk.xf.ncz d yf;bvfybb ryjgjxtr "+" bkb "-", cjplfyysq rjyntyn - ktynf "ds,hfyys[" cnfntq).

Âj-dnjhs[, exfcnybrb, d ,jkmibycndt ckexftd, yt rjynfrnbhe.n yfghzve. ("Äfdfqnt-rf lj,fdbv afrn À d cnfnm.? - lf, vj;yj. rnj yfgbitn? - gecnm Âfcz gbitn, jy kexit dct[ pyftn.") - dct dpfbvjltqcndbt ghjbc[jlbn, cj,cndtyyj, xthtp bpvtytybt rjyntynf; chtlcndf ;t j,otybz vt;le gjkmpjdfntkzvb cthdbcfvb, rfr ghfdbkj, jnltkmys (zhrbq ghbvth - Õf,h, ult byajhvfwbz "rnj bvtyyj gjcnfdbk +/-" cjpyfntkmyj crhsnf b jnltktyf jn "hfpujdjhf d rjvvtynf[").

Â-nhtnmb[, ghbdbktubhjdfyyst exfcnybrb htfkbpe.n cdjb ghbdtktubb gjcnafrnev, gentv vjlthbhjdfybz; jyb kbitys djpvj;yjcnb zdyj yfghfdkznm hfpdbnbt cj,snbq. Ñ jlyjq cnjhjys, nfrjuj hjlf fyfh[bxtcrfz vjltkm ghbdktrftn exfcnybrjd, c lheujq - tckb "yfghfdkznm" dct ;t ytj,[jlbvj (f j,sxyj - nfrb lf), 'nj ghb[jlbncz dsgjkyznm vfkj'aatrnbdysv vtnjljv "jnctxtybz" yfb,jktt yt;tkfntkmys[ dtndtq.

Â-xtndthns[, vyjubt rjkkf,jhfnbdyst cbcntvs bvt.n "gjkj;bntkmye. j,hfnye. cdzpm" - xtv ,jkmit ltqcndbz jnltkmyjuj ktvvbyuf cjdgflf.n c xfzybzvb cbcntvs (xbnfq: jlj,hz.ncz lheubvb ktvvbyufvb), ntv dsit tuj rfhvf/htqnbyu/htgenfwbz, b ntv ,jkmit djpvj;yjcntq ltqcndjdfnm.

Âybryed d 'nb jcj,tyyjcnb, vj;yj cltkfnm rjt-rfrbt dsdjls j djpvj;ys[ gjcktlcndbz[.

Ìehfdmb k.,zn Ñthl.xre

² jcm z levf. - d zrb[ yferjdj-ljck³lyb[ kf,jhfnjh³z[, yf zrb[ rfatlhf[ gfnjkju³xyj¿ fyfnjv³¿, pf zrbvb nfrbvb ctrhtnybvb pfvrfvb ¿[ p,th³uf.nm? Õnj ¿[ pfcgbhnjdeº, wb[ yfhjlyb[ fhnbcn³d cj.pyb[ htcge,k³r, [nj nhbdj;bnm ¿[y³ lei³, dbrkbrf.xb ¿[ lj ;bnnz p djkjub[ ³ ntvyb[ vjubk? Êjve dpfufk³ d ujkjde ghb[jlbnm ¿[ cke[fnb?
(Æflfy. Ñj,fxf cnfh³cnm Ål³nb Ï’º[b)

Âj dhtvtyf, rjulf dct 'nj ,skj dyjdt, rjulf pyfybt nthvbyf Ât,2.0 dslfdfkj "cgtwbfkbcnf yf gbrt nt[yjkjubq", f yt vfhrtnbyujdjuj gjgre, d nt ,kfujckjdtyyst dhtvtyf dctv 'nbv collaborative efforts b[ cjplfntkb ghjxbkb ytxtkjdtxtcrbq ecgt[ - rfr ,s ,tcgkfnyj, bp ybxtuj, bp cthjq ,bjvfccs zhrb[ kbxyjcntq ljk;ty ,sk djpybryenm ujhjl-cfl.

È, d rfrjv-nj cvsckt, 'nb j;blfybz jghfdlfkbcm. Â Âbrbgtlbb (fyukbqcrjq) ltqcndbntkmyj vj;yj yfqnb vfkj-vfkmcre. cghfdre gjxnb gj k.,jve gjyznb. bp k.,jq j,kfcnb xtkjdtxtcrjuj pyfybz; Digg b tuj jnhfcktdst fyfkjub (dhjlt ghjuhfvvbcnj-wtynhbxyjuj dzone) ltqcndbntkmyj cnjzn vjybnjhbyuf - cj,bhfz ,jkmiÓ. xfcnm ceotcndtyyjuj bp cdt;tyfgbcfyys[ Èynthytn-ntrcnjd; d ßyltrc.Ákjuf[ ltqcndbntkmyj e;t hfpevytt bcrfnm jndtns yf ytnhbdbfkmyst djghjcs, xtv dj "dphjckjv" ßyltrct.

Íj, c lheujq cnjhjys, Âbrbgtlbz hfplenf b ce[f, Digg pf,bn ccskrfvb yf "ghbrjkmysq hjkbr yf YouTube", f gjbcr-gj-,kjufv ytnhbdbfkmys[ bltq b rjywtgwbq dslftn nj rexe xtkjdtxtcrjuj cjhf, nj dfreev.

Âjn xnj xfcnj dsgecrftncz bp dble ghb dpfbvjltqcndbb ,jkmijuj xbckf ytpfdbcbvs[ lheu jn lheuf exfcnybrjd: gkjl b[ hf,jns ,eltn yt "rhfnysv" b[ ljcnjbycnd b djpvj;yjcntq, f b[ "ltkbntktv"; yt j,]tlbytybtv pyfybq, f gthtctxtybtv.

Ïjxtve nfr? Ïjnjve xnj rf;lsq yjdsq exfcnybr yfxbyftn hf,jnfnm yt njkmrj "d gk.c", yj b "d vbyec". ×tv ,jkmit exfcnybrjd - ntv ,jkmit rjyntynf; yj ntv ,jkmit b dthjznyjcnm elfktybz bp cnfntq "yt jnyjczobxcz r ltke" b "ytghjdthtyysx" afrns; ntv cbkmytt hfp,hjc vytybq ghb ujkjcjdfybb b j,ce;ltybb; ntv cbkmytt bcrf;tybz byajhvfwbb gj vtht hfcghjcnhfytybz tt d ,kjuf[.

"Ôbyfkmyfz" bkb "ntreofz" dthcbz cjdvtcnyj yf;bnjuj rjyntynf - dctulf htpekmnfn ytrjtuj ytukfcyjuj rjyctycecf. Â htpekmnfnt 'njuj ghjwtccf ytrjnjhst exfcnybrb j,jufof.ncz pyfybzvb, lheubt jnrfpsdf.ncz jn cnfhs[ ghtlcnfdktybq; yj d rjywt rjywjd rjyntyn dct hfdyj ghtdhfoftncz d rjvghjvbcc vt;le vytybzvb b ;tkfybzvb fdnjhjd. Ïhb 'njv, drkfl rf;ljuj ghbybvftncz ,jkmit d cjjndtncndbb c tuj eghzvcndjv b cgjcj,yjcnm. r gctdlj-j,jcyjdfyyjve (n.t. "jcyjdfntkmyj dsukzlzotve") fhuevtynbhjdfyb., yt;tkb c htfkmysvb pyfybzvb b fdnjhbntnjv: d cgjht ljrnjhf yfer b djcmvbrkfccybrf dct hfdyj yfcnegbn vjvtyn, rjulf ghbltncz "ljcnfnm b gjvthbnm", yf xnj e ljrnjhf yfer vj;tn yt jrfpfnmcz yb dhtvtyb, yb ;tkfybz. Äfktrj yt rf;lsq exfcnybr djj,ot cnfytn jncnfbdfnm cdjq drkfl.

Òfrjdf ghbhjlf djpybryjdtybz gjgcs. "Ïjgce" pltcm ,eltv gjybvfnm rfr ghtlvtn "vbybvfkmyjuj cjukfcbz" bkb "eyskjuj chtlytuj": nfrjq ds,jh, ghjnbd rjnjhjuj yt ckbirjv djphf;ftn ,jkmibycndj exfcnybrjd.

Ätvjrhfnbz rjyctycecf, vyjubv ghtlcnfdkz.ofzcz yfb,jktt ghjuhtccbdyjq ajhvjq ltvjrhfnbb, yfgjvbyftn rkfccbxtcrbq ghbvth cjdvtcnyjuj nhelf vehfdmtd bp ryb;rb Ïthtkmvfyf: rf;tncz, xnj j,ktgbdibt recjxtr gtxtymz hf,jnzub nhelzncz ckf;tyj, yj yf cfvjv ltkt rf;lsq vehfdtq nzytn d cdj. cnjhjye, b htpekmnbhe.obq dtrnjh yfghfdkty nelf, relf nzytn ,jkmibycndj. Ïhjcntqibq 'rcgthbvtyn gj evtymityb. rjkbxtcndf exfcnybrjd - jnltktybt vehfdmtd, dwtgbdib[cz d gtxtymt cpflb - lftn ghbhjcn crjhjcnb.

Âtcmvf gjexbntkmyjt xntybt - cgjh j, jghtltktybb Áhjlcrjuj d heccrjzpsxyjq Âbrbgtlbb ("cjdtncrbq? lf ytn, fynbcjdtncrbq! yj dtlm Ðjlbyf tuj - cjdtncrfz! heccrbq? rfrjq ;t heccrbq, tckb tdhtq? yj gbcfk-nj gj-heccrb! yj cdfkbk-nj d fvthbre!"). Äjcnfnjxyj crfpfnm, xnj htpekmnbhe.ofz ajhvekbhjdrf d cnfnmt j Áhjlcrjv - ytbvjdthyjt "heccrbq, cjdtncrbq b fvthbrfycrbq gj'n" (,tp "...tdhtqcrjq yfwbjyfkmyjcnb" nfrb j,jikbcm - f yfghfcyj, ytljnzyekb lj fytrljnbxtcrjuj f,cjk.nf).

Ýnj zhrbq b ljcnfnjxyj [fhfrnthysq ghbvth rjyntynf, cjplfyyjuj "gjkmpjdfntkzvb" (f yt "cjfdnjhfvb, exfcnybrfvb, rjkktufvb").

...rhjvt nt[ ckexftd, rjulf jyb djjhe;tys bkb yfgflf.n uheggjq

- Âs htuekzhyj yfpsdftnt Áhfqfyf Ä;jycf "rjpkjv". Ïjxtve?
- Äf rjptk gjnjve xnj. Òj tcnm d xtv-nj jy ,sk, rjytxyj, ckfdysq gfhtym b pfyznyfz kbxyjcnm. Ïhjcnj - yt rjvfylysq buhjr. 350 lytq d ujl yf ufcnhjkz[, f rnj-nj jlby yt chf,fnsdftn.[...]
- Ècnjhbz ukfcbn, xnj ds c Ìbrjv dsuyfkb Áhfqfyf. Ýnj nfr?
- Äf dsuyfkb vs tuj, rjytxyj, pft,fk gjnjve xnj. Ätkfk xnj [jntk, yf rjywthns yt zdkzkcz. [...] Âsgth z tuj, rjytxyj. Ìs c Ìbrjv cjdthityyj pkj,yj ds;bkb tuj bp uheggs. Ðf,jnfk ,s rfr cktletn - ybrnj ,s tuj yt nhjyek.
(Êbn Ðbxfhlc j Áhfqfyt Ä;jyct)

Àdnjh yt bvttn yfvthtybz endth;lfnm, xnj "uheggjdjq" gjl[jl r ndjhxtcrjq hf,jnt ytdjpvj;ty d ghbywbgt. Ítghtvtyyj djpvj;ty - yj nht,etn jhufybpfwbb yf bys[ ghbywbgf[, yt;tkb "ceg gjkmpjdfntktq + vjlthfnjhs".

Ïthdsq ghb[jlzobq d ujkjde cgjcj, ",jktt hfpevyjq" jhufybpfwbb - ghtltkmyj fynbltvjrhfnbxysq gjl[jl tlbycndtyyjuj fdnjhf, ghb rjnjhjv ceotcndetn xtkjdtr, htif.obq ÂÑÅ, b vyj;tcndj lj,hjdjkmys[, yj f,cjk.nyj ,tcghfdys[ gjvjoybrjd.

Ákbpjr r 'njve, yj lftn ytcrjkmrj ,jkmit djpvj;yjcntq gjl[jl hjr-uheggs. Îy bc[jlbn bp njuj, xnj yt,jkmifz, gjlj,hfyyfz gj bynthtcfv b [fhfrnthfv rjvfylf tlbyjvsiktyybrjd cgjcj,yf ytgjchtlcndtyyj vt;le cj,jq ljujdjhbnmcz. Äf;t ytghtjljkbvsq rjyakbrn bynthtcjd d 'njv ckexft cgjcj,ty hfphtibnmcz (cv. 'gbuhfa r 'njve hfpltke), f yt ddtcnb dct cjj,otcndj d cnegjh nbgf "yt gjtltv lfkmit, gjrf yt dshf,jnftv 150 cnhfybw ajhvfkmys[ ghfdbk".

Ðfpvth ltqcndbntkmyj hf,jnf.otq (nj tcnm, cgjcj,yjq r rjycnhernbdyjve ytgjchtlcndtyyjve lbfkjue) rjvfyls rhfqyt juhfybxty. Ïjkfuf., xnj hfpvth chtlytcnfnbcnbxtcrjq hjr-uheggs lftn rfr hfp ytgkj[jt ghb,kb;tybt. Ýnj yt pyfxbn, xnj k.,fz ndjhxtcrfz hf,jnf ljk;yf ,snm dsgjkytyf cbkfvb 'nb[ cfvs[ 3-5 xtkjdtr. Ýnj pyfxbn, xnj dct jcnfkmyst exfcnybrb ghjwtccf yf[jlzncz d "gjlxbytyyjv" gjkj;tybb: b[ bltb b djphf;tybz ghbybvf.ncz hjdyj d njq cntgtyb, d rfrjq ecnhfbdf.n "rjvfyle", jyb "ltkf.n rfr crfpfyj bkb dfkzn jnc.lf yf[hty". Ê ckjde, yfkbxbt ,tphjgjnys[ "bcgjkybntktq ghbrfpjd" lf;t b ytj,zpfntkmyj - ghb ljcnfnjxyj ,jkmijq ,bjvfcct exfcnybrjd vj;yj ghjcnj gjlj;lfnm, gjrf rnj-nj cltkftn nj, xnj ye;yj b ghbtvktvj, jn,hfcsdfz bkb d rjhyt gththf,fnsdfz ytye;yst drkfls (dghjxtv, b 'nj hf,jnftn yt dctulf - lt;ehyfz ghj,ktvf ,jkmib[ jgty-cjhcys[ ghjtrnjd "abxb dct lj,fdkz.n, f ,fub ujlfvb yt bcghfdkz.ncz").

[ [ [

Äkz jxtym rhegys[ cbcntv (jlby xtkjdtr bkb yt,jkmifz uheggf ghjcnj yt d cjcnjzybb j[dfnbnm rf;le. ltnfkm) ghbvtybv gjl[jl wtynhjd rhbcnfkkbpfwbb - gj fyfkjubb c rhbcnfkkbpfwbtq ;blrjcntq (uhe,j ujdjhz, d j[kf;ltyyjq ;blrjcnb rhbcnfkks yfxbyf.n j,hfpjdsdfnmcz b hfcnb djrheu egkjnytybq). Òj tcnm, lkz hfpys[ xfcntq/fcgtrnjd ghjtrnf ceotcndetn, jgznm ;t, yt,jkmifz uheggf "jndtncndtyys[". È[ pflfxf - yfvtxfnm wtkb, fyfkbpbhjdfnm yfghfdktybz hfpdbnbz, gjlnzubdfnm ckf,st vtcnf - rjhjxt, dsltkznm b yfghfdkznm hfpevyst b ghjuhtccbdyst htitybz bp dctuj, ghjbpdjlbvjuj jrhe;f.otq ,bjvfccjq. Íf ghbvtht lde[ ljcnfnjxyj rhegys[ cbcntv - dct njq ;t vyjujcnhflfkmyjq Âbrbgtlbb b zlhf Ëbyercf - vj;tv dbltnm, yfcrjkmrj gj-hfpyjve (b dct ;t - ytekjdbvj gj[j;t) vj;tn ,snm jhufybpjdfyf vjltkm wtynhjd rhbcnfkkbpfwbb:

  • j[dfnsdfnm dc. cbcntve (maintainer's jnltkmys[ gjlcbcntv zlhf Linux) bkb njkmrj ytrjnjhst xfcnb (Ïhjtrns Âbrbgtlbb);
  • j,hfpjdsdfnm ctnm (Ïhjtrns Âbrbgtlbb yt pfdbczn lheu jn lheuf, yj vjuen gthtctrfnmcz, nfr xnj jlyf cnfnmz rjynhjkbhetncz exfcnybrfvb chfpe ytcrjkmrb[ Ïhjtrnjd) bkb bthfh[b. (zlhj Linux: maintainer's jnltkmys[ afqkjd b lhfdthjd zdkz.ncz d cdj. jxthtlm, "cegjv" lkz maintainer'jd gjlcbcntv, f nt - lkz core maintainers, ghtldjlbvs[ Ëbyecjv);
  • "wtynhs rhbcnfkkbpfwbb" vjuen bvtnm herjdjlbntkmye. cbke (Linux) bkb htrjvtylfntkmye. (Âbrbgtlbz - cnfnec exfcnybrf ghjtrnf yt lftn zdys[ ghbdbktubq ghb djpybryjdtybb cgjhjd).

[ [ [

Åcnm b tot jlby, bylbdblefkbcncrbq, dfhbfyn cjdvtcnyjq hf,jns: vjltkm "rf;ljve-cdjt", rjulf rf;lsq exfcnybr cjplftn fdnjhbpjdfyye. dthcb. dctq vfccs rjyntynf (yfghbvth, gthtdjlf rybub), gjkmpezcm ghb 'njv ntv, xnj cjplfkb jcnfkmyst, yj gththf,fnsdfz gj cdjtve drece. Âjpvj;yst ghtbveotcndf nen jxtdblys: d ckexft c ntv ;t gthtdjljv (jcj,tyyj - [elj;tcndtyysv), djcghbybvftv ghtlitcndtyybrjd rfr dct ne ;t "cshe. ,bjvfcce", cjplfdfz cdjq ndjhxtcrbq ghjlern pf vbybvfkmyjt dhtvz b ghb vfrcbvfkmyjq cdj,jlt ltqcndbq. Ïhj,ktvs nj;t jxtdblys, jyb ghjbcntrf.n bp djghjcf gjkextybz dsujls - yt j,zpfntkmyj ltyt;yjq, rjkm crjhj e yfc nen 'rjyjvbrf dybvfybz. Ê ghbvthe, xtkjdtr, dsgjkybdibq b jge,kbrjdfdibq "[jhjibq" gthtdjl, vj;tn yt cjukfcbnmcz c ntv, xnj ,jkmibycndj xbnfntktq ghtlgjxbnf.n tve "jnkbxysq" gthtdjl lheujuj fdnjhf, gjkextyysq bp "[jhjituj" gentv (yt ckbirjv pyfxbntkmyjuj) htlfrnbhjdfybz. Äf;t b copyleft 'ne ghj,ktve, gj;fkeq xnj, yt htiftn.

[ [ [

È tot hfp, yfgjcktljr. ß yt endth;lf., xnj ktybdsq gjl[jl (f rnj-nj yfpjdtn tuj "ghjuhtccbdysv" b "dt,ldfyjkmysv"), djcghbybvf.obq vfcce gjkmpjdfntktq rfr cfvjjhufybpe.oe.cz, yt lftn htpekmnfnjd. Ýnb htpekmnfns lf;t dgjkyt gjktpys (gbnfntkmyj, yj ytdrecyj, lf). Ïhjcnj ye;yj xtnrj jcjpyfnm: d ghtltkt 'njn gjl[jl lftn f,cjk.nye. gjchtlcndtyyjcnm, f yt f,cjk.nysq utybq. Åckb gjchtlcndtyyjcnm - 'nj bvtyyj nj, xtuj ds botnt - welcome aboard!

[ [ [

disclaimer: Ñnfkj [jhjitq nhflbwbtq cxbnfnm dct egjvbyfybz Õf,hf yf Ât,gkfytnt ghjzdktybzvb "crhsnjq (?) djqys". Òfr djn: fdnjh jnrfpsdftncz bvtnm r ytq rfrjt-kb,j jnyjitybt b jndtncndtyyj pfzdkztn: Õf,h, chtlb ghjxb[ cfqnjd-ghbvthjd, ds,hfy kbim rfr ljcnfnjxyj pfvtnysq ghtlcnfdbntkm Ât,2-cthdbcjd. Dixi.

3
Ñîçäàíèå ýêñêëþçèâíûõ ñàéòîâ, þçèáèëèòè àíàëèç è áåñïëàòíûé àíàëèç ïîä çàïðîñû îñíîâíûõ ïîèñêîâûõ ìàøèí
Êîíòàêòíàÿ èíôîðìàöèÿ :
òåë. +7(98I) 7608865

Íàïèñàòü ïèñüìî íà e-mail
icq 415547094  romverðåéòèíã íà mail.ru ñàéòà romverinbox.ru
© 1997 - 2024 romver.ru

Ïîëíàÿ êàðòà ñàéòà Display Pagerank