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ИТ-,tpjgfcyjcnm: ybrnj yt ujnjd r yjdsv euhjpfv. Тfr kb dct cthmtpyj b rfrjds ghbxbys?

Вvtcnj ddtltybz ghbdtltv cktle.ott, ytcrjkmrj ijrbhe.ott cjj,otybt, dtcmvf zhrj bkk.cnhbhe.ott nj gjkj;tybt ltk, rjnjhjt vs bvttv c rjvgm.nthyjq ,tpjgfcyjcnm. (pltcm b lfktt d hf,jnt djcgjkmpetvcz vfnthbfkfvb, jge,kbrjdfyysvb d jnrhsnjq gtxfnb):

• Нjdjcnm gjl yfpdfybtv «ИТ-,tpjgfcyjcnm: ybrnj yt ujnjd r yjdsv euhjpfv». Кjvgfybz Ernst&Young ghjdtkf t;tujlysq ukj,fkmysq jghjc ИТ-herjdjlbntktq j ghj,ktvf[ byajhvfwbjyyjq ,tpjgfcyjcnb. Кfr jrfpfkjcm, ghjgfcnm vt;le euhjpfvb ИТ-,tpjgfcyjcnb b ntv, xnj ltkftncz lkz pfobns jn yb[, cnfkf tot ibht. Кjvgfybz Ernst&Young dsgecnbkf jxthtlye., djcmve., dthcb. cdjtuj t;tujlyjuj jnxtnf "Global Information Security Survey 2005". В jghjct ghbyzkb exfcnbt dscibt bcgjkybntkmyst kbwf ,jktt 1,3 nsc. rjvvthxtcrb[ b ujcelfhcndtyys[ jhufybpfwbq d 55 cnhfyf[ vbhf, drk.xfz Рjccb.. Оcyjdye. vfcce htcgjyltynjd cjcnfdbkb lbhtrnjhf byajhvfwbjyys[ cke;, (CIO) b jnltkjd ИТ-,tpjgfcyjcnb (CSO). Нfb,jktt j,obv b, gj;fkeq, cfvsv pyfxbvsv dsdjljv bp 'njuj bccktljdfybz zdbkjcm nj, xnj ghjgfcnm vt;le euhjpfvb ИТ-,tpjgfcyjcnb b ntv, xnj ltkftncz lkz pfobns jn yb[, cnfkf tot ibht. Дheubvb ckjdfvb, hbcrb, dspdfyyst gjcnjzyysv hfpdbnbtv ,bpytcf dj dctv vbht, 'djk.wbjybhe.n nfr ,scnhj, xnj cgtwbfkbcns gj ИТ-,tpjgfcyjcnb yt ecgtdftn fltrdfnyj jnhtfubhjdfnm yf yb[. Эrcgthns rjvgfybb Ernst&Young gjcxbnfkb 'ne ntyltywb. yfcnjkmrj df;yjq, xnj lf;t drk.xbkb ckjdf "Оnxtn j hfcibhz.otqcz ghjgfcnb" ("Report on Widening Gap") d yfpdfybt cdjtuj bccktljdfybz.

Чtcnyj ujdjhz, d 'nj yt [jxtncz dthbnm. Пjghj,etv ghjdtcnb cj,cndtyyjt bccktljdfybt b rfrbv-kb,j cgjcj,jv jwtybnm, f yfcrjkmrj dct ltqcndbntkmyj e;fcyj. Еckb ;t yfib jgfctybz gjlndthlzncz, gjgsnftvcz jndtnbnm yf djghjc, f xnj ;t vs ghjnbdjgjcnfdkztv «hfcibhz.otqcz ghjgfcnb», xnj vs ltkftv, xnj,s fltrdfnyj jnhtfubhjdfnm yf hbcrb ИТ-,tpjgfcyjcnb. С 'njq wtkm. hfccvjnhbv jcyjde jcyjd ИТ-,tpjgfcyjcnb – rjvgm.nthye. ,tpjgfcyjcnm.

Тjkmrj afrns b ybxtuj ,jkmit.

В rfxtcndt rhbnthbz jwtyrb 'rcgkefnfwbjyyjq (htfkmyjq) ,tpjgfcyjcnb cbcntvyjuj chtlcndf wtktcjj,hfpyj hfccvfnhbdfnm rj'aabwbtyn tuj ujnjdyjcnb j,tcgtxbdfnm pfobne byajhvfwbb d ghjwtcct 'rcgkefnfwbb. Тjulf d rfxtcndtjcyjdys[ gfhfvtnhjd pfobns cktletn hfccvfnhbdfnm byntycbdyjcnb jnrfpjd b djccnfyjdktybz chtlcndf pfobns.

• Пjl «jnrfpjv» chtlcndf pfobns gjybvftncz j,yfhe;tybt ezpdbvjcnb cbcntvyjuj chtlcndf (yfghbvth, 'nj vjuen ,snm jib,rb d htfkbpfwbb ОС, kb,jghbkj;tybq), rjnjhfz gjntywbfkmyj vj;tn ghbdtcnb r ytcfyrwbjybhjdfyyjve ljcnege r byajhvfwbb.
• Пjl byntycbdyjcnm. jnrfpjd chtlcndf pfobns (byntycbdyjcnm. j,yfhe;tybz ezpdbvjcntq chtlcndf pfobns) gjybvftv byntycbdyjcnm j,yfhe;tybz d ytv ezpdbvjcntq d tlbybwe dhtvtyb.
• Пjl byntycbdyjcnm. djccnfyjdktybz chtlcndf pfobns gjckt jnrfpf (j,yfhe;tybz ezpdbvjcnb) gjybvftv byntycbdyjcnm ecnhfytybz d ytv ezpdbvjcntq d tlbybwe dhtvtyb.

Сyfxfkf hfccvjnhbv cnfnbcnbre j,yfhe;tybz ezpdbvjcntq d ОС. Пhjbkk.cnhbhetv gjkj;tybt ltk ytrjnjhjq gjl,jhrjq yjdjcntq, jge,kbrjdfyys[ d jnrhsnjq gtxfnb:

• (Нjdjcnm jn 02.12.2005).Нtcjdthitycndj jgthfwbjyys[ cbcntv b ghjuhfvvyjuj j,tcgtxtybz — tldf kb yt ukfdyfz ghbxbyf rjkjccfkmyjuj eoth,f, yfytctyyjuj vbhjdjq 'rjyjvbrt rjvgm.nthysvb pkjevsiktyybrfvb. Бjkmibycndj [frthcrb[ fnfr cnfyjdbncz djpvj;ysvb bp-pf yfkbxbz ezpdbvjcntq d ceotcnde.ob[ ОС b ПО. В Сtnb gjzdkztncz dct ,jkmit dhtljyjcyjuj rjlf, rjnjhsq bcgjkmpetn b[ lkz ghjybryjdtybz d rjvgm.nths, dsgjkytybz pfghjuhfvvbhjdfyys[ ltqcndbq b lfkmytqituj cdjtuj hfcghjcnhfytybz. Сnfnbcnbrf gjrfpsdftn, xnj rjkbxtcndj ezpdbvjcntq hfcntn ujl jn ujlf. С jlyjq cnjhjys, 'nj cdzpfyj c ntv, xnj ujl jn ujlf hfcntn rjkbxtcndj ПО, f c lheujq, c ntv, xnj ctqxfc ezpdbvjcnb boencz yfvthtyyj, rfr [frthfvb, nfr b rjvgfybzvb ghjbpdjlbntkzvb ПО b ОС. Пthdst ghtcktle.n rhbvbyfkmyst wtkb — bcgjkmpjdfnm «lshe» lkz gjkextybz ljcnegf r xe;bv byajhvfwbjyysv htcehcfv, dnjhst — xnj,s yt bcgjhnbnm cdj. htgenfwb. b j,tpjgfcbnm byajhvfwbjyyst htcehcs cdjb[ rkbtynjd.

Пj lfyysv mi2g t;tujlyj [frthfvb dpkfvsdftncz lj 90% ctntq ghtlghbznbq.

Дbyfvbrf hjcnf j,yfhe;tyys[ ezpdbvjcntq ghtlcnfdktyf yf hbc.1.

* — pf 7 vtczwtd

Рbc.1. Дbyfvbrf hjcnf j,yfhe;tyys[ ezpdbvjcntq

• (Нjdjcnm jn 12.01.2006). В vbyeditv (2005) ujle d ОС Windows ,skj dszdktyj 812 «lsh» (bccktljdfybz US-CERT). Сgtwbfkbcns bp McAfee jnvtxf.n, xnj bp 124 «lsh», j,yfhe;tyys[ d Windows XP Professional yf cfqnt Secunia (Security Provider), 29 nfr b jcnfkjcm yt ecnhfytyysvb, xnj lfkj rjvgfybb jcyjdfybt ghbcdjbnm Windows cnfnec rhbnbxtcrb jgfcyjq ОС.
• (Нjdjcnm jn 10.10.2006). Кjhgjhfwbz Microsoft d hfvrf[ t;tvtczxyjuj j,yjdktybz cdjb[ ghjuhfvvys[ ghjlernjd yfvthtyf yf 'njq ytltkt dsgecnbnm jlbyyflwfnm gfnxtq. Кfr cjj,oftncz d ghtldfhbntkmyjv edtljvktybb, d jgthfwbjyys[ cbcntvf[ Windows hfpkbxys[ dthcbq dszdktys itcnm ezpdbvjcntq. Нtrjnjhst bp yb[ j[fhfrnthbpjdfys rfr rhbnbxtcrb jgfcyst b vjuen bcgjkmpjdfnmcz pkjevsiktyybrfvb c wtkm. dsgjkytybz yf elfktyys[ rjvgm.nthf[ ghjbpdjkmys[ ltcnhernbdys[ jgthfwbq. Чtnsht lshs yfqltys d jabcys[ ghbkj;tybz[. Пj rhfqytq vtht, jlyf bp yb[ gjkexbkf cnfnec rhbnbxtcrb jgfcyjq. Кhjvt njuj, Microsoft dsgecnbn pfgkfnre lkz .NET Framework.
• (Нjdjcnm jn 07.11.2006). Microsoft hfcghjcnhfybkf ghtleght;ltybz j njv, xnj dj dct[ jgthfwbjyys[ cbcntvf[ Windows, rhjvt Server 2003, j,yfhe;tyf jxtym jgfcyfz ezpdbvjcnm, rjnjhfz r njve ;t e;t frnbdyj bcgjkmpetncz pkjevsiktyybrfvb. Уzpdbvjcnm pfnhfubdftn vt[fybpv Microsoft XML Core Services 4.0, rjnjhsq ntcyj cdzpfy c XMLHTTP 4.0 ActiveX Control. Уzpdbvjcnm gjpdjkztn fnfre.otve gjkexbnm gjkysq rjynhjkm yfl cbcntvjq b rjvgm.nthysvb htcehcfvb. Пj ckjdfv ghtlcnfdbntktq rjvgfybb, 'rcgkjbn lkz 'njq ezpdbvjcnm vj;tn hfcghjcnhfyznmcz ghb gjvjob cgfvf b cnjhjyyb[ cfqnjd. В cfvjq Microsoft ybrfr yt j[fhfrnthbpjdfkb jgfcyjcnm ,fuf, jlyfrj cgtwbfkbcns gj ,tpjgfcyjcnb bp rjvgfybb Secunia j[fhfrnthbpjdfkb ezpdbvjcnm rfr "'rcnhtvfkmyj jgfcye.". В Microsoft gjrf yt dsgecnbkb bcghfdktybz lkz 'njq ezpdbvjcnb.
• (Нjdjcnm jn 20.02.2007). Кjvgfybz Microsoft jge,kbrjdfkf cdjb t;tvtczxyst ,.kktntyb ,tpjgfcyjcnb. Нf 'njn hfp d yb[ djikb 12 gfnxtq, bcghfdkz.obt 20 ezpdbvjcntq. И jlby bp yb[ e;t ghtlyfpyfxty lkz yjdjq jgthfwbjyyjq cbcntvs Windows Vista. Еt ezpdbvjcnm yf[jlbncz d vt[fybpvt pfobns jn dhtljyjcys[ rjljd, rjnjhsq vj;tn gjpdjkbnm dsgjkytybt elfktyyjuj rjlf.
• (Нjdjcnm jn 02.03.2007) В jgthfwbjyyjq cbcntvt Windows Vista, gjcnegbditq d ibhjre. ghjlf;e 30 zydfhz, j,yfhe;tyf jlyf bp gthds[ ezpdbvjcntq. Дshe d cbcntvt User Account Control j,yfhe;bkb cgtwbfkbcns rjvgfybb eEye. Иp cjj,hf;tybq ,tpjgfcyjcnb gjlhj,yfz byajhvfwbz j, ezpdbvjcnb yt hfpukfiftncz. Иpdtcnyj kbim, xnj pfltqcndjdfnm tt vj;tn kjrfkmysq gjkmpjdfntkm c wtkm. gjdsitybz ehjdyz cj,cndtyys[ ghbdbktubq d cbcntvt. Вghjxtv, elfktyysq pkjevsiktyybr nfr;t vj;tn djcgjkmpjdfnmcz ,htim. d njv ckexft, tckb e;t bvttn ljcneg r rjvgm.nthe. Кjvgfybz eEye ghjbyajhvbhjdfkf rjhgjhfwb. Microsoft j lsht tot 19 zydfhz, jlyfrj gfnxf gjrf dsgeotyj yt ,skj…
• (Нjdjcnm jn 10.01.2007). Microsoft jcnfdbkf Word gjl euhjpjq. Microsoft dsgecnbkf t;tvtczxyjt j,yjdktybt ,tpjgfcyjcnb, pfrhsditt 10 ezpdbvjcntq, drk.xfz rhbnbxtcrbt d Office b Windows. Оlyfrj cthmtpyst "lshs" nbgf "zero-day" d ntrcnjdjv htlfrnjht Word jcnfkbcm ytpfrhsnsvb. Хfrths dgjcktlybt vtczws eltkzkb gjdsityyjt dybvfybt ytpfrhsnsv ezpdbvjcnzv dMicrosoft Word b Microsoft Excel lkz ghjdtltybz eprjyfwtktyys[ fnfr. О,sxyj b[;thndf gjkexftn 'ktrnhjyyjt gbcmvj cbyabwbhjdfyysv dkj;tybtv bntrcnjv dntkt gbcmvf, pfvfybdf.obv jnrhsnm 'nj dkj;tybt. Вrjywt ghjikjuj ujlf ,skj yfqltyj vyj;tcndj ezpdbvjcntq jabcyjuj gfrtnf Microsoft nbgf «zero-day», njtcnm jyb cnfyjdbkbcm bpdtcnysvb [frthfv tot ljdsgecrf cjjndtncnde.otuj gfnxf ghjbpdjlbntktv. Пhbxtv vyjubt bp'nb[ «lsh» j,yfhe;bdfkbcm byfxbyfkb frnbdyj 'rcgkefnbhjdfnmcz [frthfvb chfpe gjckt ds[jlf t;tvtczxyjuj j,yjdktybz ,tpjgfcyjcnb cjandthyjuj ubufynf, xnj ujdjhbn jghbcgjcj,ktybb rjvgm.nthys[ ghtcnegybrjd ruhfabre dsgecrf gfnxtq. Эrcgthns bycnbnenf SANS pfzdkz.n, xnj rjdctv «pfkfnfyysv» dxthf ezpdbvjcnzv, rhjvt rfr d Excel, ceotcnde.n 'rcgkjqns. Мbybvev 3ezpdbvjcnb Word jcnf.ncz ytpfrhsnsvb, lkz b[bcgjkmpjdfybz dfhctyfkt [frthjd nfr;t tcnm 'rcgkjqns. Вjpvj;yj, xnj lfyyfz ghj,ktvf ,eltn htityf cgjvjom. dytjxthtlyjuj j,yjdktybz ,tpjgfcyjcnb Microsoft. Пjrf;t gjkmpjdfntkzv jcnftncz ,snm ,lbntkmysvb byt jnrhsdfnm dkj;tybz ajhvfnjd Word dgbcmvf[ jnytljdthtyys[ kbw.

Вjpvj;yj, xnj gjlj,yjt gjkj;tybt ltk rfcftncz njkmrj jlyjuj rjyrhtnyjuj cbcntvyjuj chtlcndf. Оny.lm. Пjlndthlbv crfpfyyjt:

• (Нjdjcnm jn 08.06.2005) Нfheitybt rjyabltywbfkmyjcnb byajhvfwbb – cfvfz ,jkmifz dyenhtyyzz ИТ-euhjpf":

1. "Вtkbxbyf eoth,f jn ltqcndbq [frthjd hfpybncz. Еckb gj 2003 ujle bccktljdfntkb ,jktt-vtytt ghbikb r j,otve vytyb. b jghtltkbkbcm, xnj cevvf cjcnfdkztn 17 vkhl. ljkkfhjd, nj gj 2004 ujle jwtyrb cjdthityyj hfpyst. Пj lfyysv bccktljdfntkmcrjq rjvgfybb Datamonitor, vbhjdjq 'rjyjvbxtcrbq eoth, jn [frthcrb[ fnfr - zdys[ b crhsns[ - vj;tn ljcnbuyenm 155,5 vkhl. ljkkfhjd. Пj vytyb. 'rcgthnjd, t;tujlyj [frthfvb dpkfvsdftncz lj 90% ctntq ghtlghbznbq;
2. Оlby bp jcyjdys[ 'ktvtynjd ,tpjgfcyjcnb - 'nj jgthfwbjyyfz cbcntvf rjvgm.nthf. Бhbnfycrbt bccktljdfntkb bp uheggs mi2g yfb,jktt ,tpjgfcysvb gkfnajhvfvb cxbnf.n Apple Mac OS X b jnrhsne. dthcb. UNIX - BSD (Berkeley Software Distribution). Оgthfwbjyyst cbcntvs Linux b Microsoft Windows, yfghjnbd, ,skb ghbpyfys ckf,j pfobotyysvb. Сdjb dsdjls cgtwbfkbcns mi2g cltkfkb, ghjfyfkbpbhjdfd 235 nsc. ecgtiys[ [frthcrb[ fnfr, ghjdtltyys[ dj dctv vbht c yjz,hz 2003 gj jrnz,hm 2004 ujlf;
3. Сhtlb rjvgm.nthjd gjl eghfdktybtv ОС Linux dpkjvfyysvb jrfpfkbcm 65%, gjl eghfdktybtv Windows - 25%.

Сktlez lfyyjq yjdjcnb, gjzdkztncz yflt;lf yf nj, xnj dct-nfrb vj;yj jnscrfnm nt ОС, rjnjhst vj;yj jnytcnb r ,tpjgfcysv? Нj djn jxthtlyfz yjdjcnm:

• (Нjdjcnm jn 15.03.2007). Apple ecnhfybkf gjxnb gjkcjnyb ezpdbvjcntq d Mac OS X. Кjvgfybz Apple dsgecnbkf jxthtlyjt rjvgktrcyjt j,yjdktybt lkz jgthfwbjyyjq cbcntvs Mac OS X. Кjvgktrn j,yjdktybq Security Update 2007-003 cjlth;bn pfgkfnrb lkz 45 ezpdbvjcntq d hfpkbxys[ rjvgjytynf[ jgthfwbjyyjq cbcntvs. Дshs, d xfcnyjcnb, ecnhfytys d zlht ghjuhfvvyjq gkfnajhvs, vjlekz[ ColorSync, CoreGraphics, ImageIO, f nfr;t ctntdjq gjlcbcntvt Mac OS X. Нtcrjkmrj gfnxtq pfrhsdf.n ezpdbvjcnb d ghjlernf[ cnjhjyyb[ ghjbpdjlbntktq, d xfcnyjcnb, gkttht Adobe Flash Player, cthdtht MySQL b OpenSSH. Уzpdbvjcnb bvt.n hfpkbxye. cntgtym jgfcyjcnb. Бjkmibycndj lsh vjuen ,snm bcgjkmpjdfys rb,thghtcnegybrfvb c wtkm. ghjdtltybz DoS-fnfr bkb gjdsitybz cj,cndtyys[ ghbdbktubq d cbcntvt. Оlyfrj ytcrjkmrj ezpdbvjcntq ntjhtnbxtcrb j,tcgtxbdf.n djpvj;yjcnm gjkextybz ytcfyrwbjybhjdfyyjuj ljcnegf r elfktyyjve rjvgm.nthe b gjcktle.otuj dsgjkytybz yf ytv ghjbpdjkmyjuj dhtljyjcyjuj rjlf.

Тtgthm, d ytcrjkmrb[ ckjdf[, j, byntycbdyjcnb bcghfdktybz ezpdbvjcntq d ОС. Нf yfi dpukzl, dtcmvf gjrfpfntkty cktle.obq ghbvth. О,hfnbvcz r ge,kbrfwbb К.Кfcgthcrb «О,pjh 'rcgkjqnjd» d ;ehyfkt «Хfrth» jn ltrf,hz 12(96) 2006, cv. cnh.60-65. Пhbdtltv ,tp rjvvtynfhbtd ytcrjkmrj dslth;tr bp 'njq cnfnmb «Пhjcnj gjhfpbntkmyj, rfr ubufyns rjvgm.nthyjq bylecnhbb htfubhe.n yf cjj,otybz j, jib,rf[, rjnjhst jyb yt vjuen bcghfdbnm. 22 jrnz,hz 2004 ujlf jcyjdfntkm uheggs Argeniss Information Security b tt CEO d jlyjv kbwt – Cesar Cerrudo j,yfhe;bk cthmtpytqie. jib,re d Windows, j xtv nen ;t cjj,obk d Microsoft. Нj nf ghjljk;bkf dsgecrfnm lshzdst jgthfwbjyyst cbcntvs, f lkz e;t ceotcnde.otq pfgkfnrf jncencndetn b gj ctq ltym». Сktle.ofz dslth;rf «…cbcntvf yt ghtgzncndetn htvfgbyue ctrwbb c fnhb,enfvb xntybz/pfgbcb, xnj gjpdjkztn k.,jve kjrfkmyjve gjkmpjdfntk. ghjybryenm yf ehjdtym zlhf…». Дfktt «Пj pfzdktyb. Argeniss Research Team, ezpdbvjcnb gjldth;tys W2K (lj W2K SP4) b XP (lj XP SP2) b yt gjldth;tys Server 2003 b Vista beta 2». Чnj ;t yfv, rfr gjnht,bntkzv, htrjvtyletn fdnjh 'njq cnfnmb «Оabwbfkmyjq pfgkfnrb jn Microsoft lj cb[ gjh ytn, b dct, xnj yfv jcnftncz – 'nj vbuhbhjdfnm yf Server 2003 bkb Vista, d rjnjhs[ juht[b ghjtrnbhjdfybz ,tp kbiytuj ievf ,skb ecnhfytys (yj, rfr bpdtcnyj, bcghfdkzz jlye jib,re, Microsoft lj,fdkztn ltcznjr yjds[; Vista – 'nj yt dfhbfyn, f djn yfl gtht[jljv yf Server 2003 vj;yj gjlevfnm)».

Чeljdboyj, rhbnbxtcrfz ezpdbvjcnm ceotcndetn ,jktt lde[ ktn b yt bcghfdkztncz ghjbpdjlbntktv. В 'nj nhelyj gjdthbnm! Оlyfrj, bc[jlysq rjl 'rcgkjqnf lkz lfyyjq ezpdbvjcnb, d gjlndth;ltybt crfpfyyjve, fdnjh ghbdtk d cdjtq cnfnmt. Зfvtnbv, xnj jgbcfyyfz fnfrf yt nfr b rhbnbxyf – d htpekmnfnt pfgecrf 'rcgkjqnf edblbv «cbybq 'rhfy». Оlyfrj cfv fdnjh pfzdkztn, xnj 'nj kbim jlby bp ghbvthjd, b ceotcndetn djpvj;yjcnm htfkbpfwbb bys[ djpltqcndbq yf rjvgm.nth.

Нt,jkmijt bccktljdfybt.

Нf jcyjdfybb ghbdtltyyjuj dsit bccktljdfybz, vj;tv cltkfnm ytentibntkmysq dsdjl j njv, xnj ezpdbvjcnb cbcntvys[ chtlcnd t;tujlyj j,yfhe;bdf.ncz ltcznrfvb (ghbxtv, j,hfnbv dybvfybt, r ezpdbvjcnb cbcntvyjuj chtlcndf vjuen ghbdjlbnm b jib,rb d ghbkj;tybz[, xnj jghtltktyysv j,hfpjv [fhfrnthbpetn fh[bntrnehyst htitybz gj htfkbpfwbb pfobns 'nb[ chtlcnd), f b[ ecnhfytybt (bcghfdktybt fh[bntrnehys[ jib,jr b jib,jr ghjuhfvvbhjdfybz) vj;tn cjcnfdkznm vtczws, f nj b ujls. Пhjdtltv yt,jkmijt bccktljdfybt b gjgsnftvcz jndtnbnm yf djghjc, f rfr ;t dct 'nj crfpsdftncz yf ehjdyt 'rcgkefnfwbjyyjq ,tpjgfcyjcnb cbcntvyjuj chtlcndf. Нfcrjkmrj ;t jyj htfkmyj pfobotyj?

Дkz jwtyrb 'rcgkefnfwbjyyjq (htfkmyjq, bkb bcnbyyjq) ,tpjgfcyjcnb cbcntvyjuj chtlcndf vj;tn ,snm gjcnhjtyf vfntvfnbxtcrfz vjltkm c bcgjkmpjdfybtv fggfhfnf ntjhbb vfccjdjuj j,cke;bdfybz (gj fyfkjubb c ntv, rfr 'nj ltkftncz d ntjhbb yflt;yjcnb, dtlm, d rjytxyjv cxtnt, ghbvtybntkmyj r chtlcnde pfobns byajhvfwbb,yflt;yjcnm – 'nj cdjqcndj chtlcndf j,tcgtxbdfnm pfobne byajhvfwbbd ntxtybt pflfyyjuj ghjvt;enrf dhtvtyb).Пhbdtltv ghbvth ghjcntqitq vfntvfnbxtcrjq vjltkb. Бeltv cxbnfnm, xnj gjnjrb j,yfhe;tybz ezpdbvjcntq – jnrfpjd chtlcndf pfobns, b ghjwtcc b[ ecnhfytybzzdkz.ncz gefccjyjdcrbvb (jgbcsdf.obvb yfb,jktt ckexfqyst cj,snbz), ghbxtv ezpdbvjcnb ecnhfyz.ncz gj jxthtlb (yt jlyjdhtvtyyj – ,eltv bcgjkmpjdfnm vjltkm c jlybv j,cke;bdf.obv ghb,jhjv), gj vtht b[ j,yfhe;tybz (yfdthyjt, bvtyyj d 'njv cjcnjbn ytrfz «uhe,jcnm» lfyyjq vfntvfnbxtcrjq vjltkb, jlyfrj, yf ghfrnbrt, d ,jkmibycndt ckexftd, gjlj,yjt eghjotybt evtcnyj, tckb htxm bltn j, jlyjv cbcntvyjv chtlcndt, jcj,tyyj d ghtlgjkj;tybb, xnj byntycbdyjcnm j,yfhe;bdftvs[ ezpdbvjcntq b dhtvz b[ ecnhfytybz hfphf,jnxbrjv ytdtkbrb – d ghjnbdyjv ckexft b fyfkbpbhjdfnm-nj ytxtuj). В lfyys[ ghtlgjkj;tybz[,dthjznyjcnm njuj, xnj d k.,jq vjvtyn dhtvtyb j,]trn pfoboty (jghtltkztncz ntv eckjdbtv, xnj xbckj yt ecnhfytyys[ ezpdbvjcntq hfdyj 0) vj;yj jwtybnm gj cktle.otq ghjcntqitq ajhvekt:

lkz hfpkbxys[ pyfxtybq byntycbdyjcntq j,yfhe;tybz ezpdbvjcntq (pyfxtybz byntycbdyjcntq j,yfhe;tybz ezpdbvjcntq pflfys d tlbybwf[: xbckj/ujl, f byntycbdyjcnm ecnhfytybz ezpdbvjcntq – jcm f,cwbcc, pflfys d 1/ytltkz – pf crjkmrj ytltkm d chtlytv ecnhfyztncz jlyf ezpdbvjcnm), hfccxbnfyyst c bcgjkmpjdfybtv yfitq vfntvfnbxtcrjq vjltkb, ghbdtltys yf hbc.2.

Нf 'njv hbceyrt cktletn j,hfnbnm dybvfybt yf dsltktyye. geyrnbhye. ghzve. (yf hbc.2 bvttn rhfcysq wdtn). Оyf [fhfrnthbpetn, xnj d k.,jq vjvtyn dhtvtyb j,]trn pfoboty c dthjznyjcnm. 0,5. Эnj jpyfxftn, xnj d k.,jq vjvtyn dhtvtyb cbcntvyjt chtlcndj kb,j pfobotyj, kb,j ytn. Вct pyfxtybz, hfcgjkfuftvst yb;t 'njq ghzvjq, [fhfrnthbpe.n cktle.ott cdjqcndj chtlcndf pfobns – cbcntvyjt chtlcndj crjhtt yt pfobotyj, xtv pfobotyj, hfcgjkfuftvst dsit 'njq ghzvjq – cbcntvyjt chtlcndj crjhttpfobotyj, xtv yt pfobotyj.

Рfccvjnhbv ubgjntnbxtcrb bltfkmysq ckexfq – d chtlytv j,yfhe;bdftncz jlyf ezpdbvjcnm d ujl (ptktyfz rhbdfz yf hbc.2). Эnf pfdbcbvjcnm yfv bynthtcyf c njxrb phtybz njuj, rfr dkbztn yf 'rcgkefnfwbjyye. ,tpjgfcyjcnm byntycbdyjcnm ecnhfytybz ezpdbvjcntq. Вblbv, xnj gjlj,yjt dkbzybt dtcmvf pfvtnyj. Иp hbc.2 cktletn, xnj tckb d chtlytv ezpdbvjcnm (d xfcnyjcnb, jib,rf ghjuhfvvbhjdfybz) bcghfdkztncz hfphf,jnxbrjv pf 1 vtczw, nj gjkexftv d yfitv ubgjntnbxtcrb bltfkmyjv ckexft, xnj d k.,jq vjvtyn dhtvtyb j,]trn pfoboty kbim c dthjznyjcnm. vtytt 0,92. А xnj nfrjt 0,92 – 'nj jpyfxftn, xnj ghfrnbxtcrb d k.,jq vjvtyn dhtvtyb cbcntvyjt chtlcndj ytpfobotyj c dthjznyjcnm. ,kbprjq r 10% (f dtlm vs hfccvfnhbdftv ubgjntnbxtcrb bltfkmye. cbnefwb.), n.t. jrjkj 10% hf,jxtuj dhtvtyb cbcntvyjt chtlcndj ytpfobotyj. А xnj nfrjt 1 vtczw yf ecnhfytybt jib,rb d ckj;yjv cbcntvyjv chtlcndt, tuj gjnht,etncz njkmrj ntcnbhjdfnm gjckt dytctybz bcghfdktybz yt vtymit vtczwf, byfxt chfpe cnfkrbdftvcz c ghj,ktvfvb yflt;yjcnb (jnrfpjecnjqxbdjcnb) b rjhhtrnyjcnb aeyrwbjybhjdfybz cbcntvyjuj chtlcndf. А dtlm 'njn vtczw drk.xftn d ct,z gjckt j,yfhe;tybz ezpdbvjcnb pkjevsiktyybrjv: gjkextybt j, 'njv byajhvfwbb ghjbpdjlbntktv, cj,cndtyyj ecnhfytybt ezpdbvjcnb, d njq bkb byjq vtht rhegyjvfcinf,yjt ntcnbhjdfybt cbcntvyjuj chtlcndf gjckt bcghfdktybz, gjkextybt j,yjdktybz gjnht,bntktv b dytlhtybt j,yjdktybz d cbcntvyjt chtlcndj. Мtczw lkz dsgjkytybzgjlj,yjq cjdjregyjcnb eckjdbq – 'nj jxtym vfkj!

Рbc. 2. Рtpekmnfns vjltkbhjdfybz

А ntgthm gjcvjnhbv yf rhbde. cbytuj wdtnf (byntycbdyjcnm j,yfhe;tybz ezpdbvjcntq - 10 d ujl), jghtltkbv dthjznyjcnm njuj, xnj d k.,jq vjvtyn dhtvtyb cbcntvyjt chtlcndj pfobotyj d ghtlgjkj;tybb, xnj gfrtns j,yjdktybq gjzdkz.ncz 1 hfp d vtczw, gjkexftv vtytt 0,2. Нj njulf, j rfrjq ,tpjgfcyjcnb vj;tn blnb htxm d ghbywbgt, tckb njkmrj 20% hf,jxtuj dhtvtyb rjvgm.nth pfoboty (f dtlm 10 ezpdbvjcntq d ujl 'nj lfktrj yt ghtltk lkz cjdhtvtyys[ cbcntvys[ chtlcnd)!

Вjn dfv b rjkbxtcndtyyfz jwtyrf njuj, d rfrjq vtht «hfcibhztncz ghjgfcnm» - vs hf,jnftv ghfrnbxtcrb yf ytpfobotyys[ rjvgm.nthf[!

А dtlm, yfdthyjt, wtktcjj,hfpyj ghtlgjkj;bnm, xnj ghb j,hf,jnrt rjyabltywbfkmyjq byajhvfwbb ljk;yj dsgjkyznmcz eckjdbt:

Мs, rjytxyj ;t, yt yfcnfbdftv yf 'njv pyfxtybb, ghbdtltyyjv kbim d rfxtcndt ghbvthf. Оlyfrj cjukfcbntcm, ytkmpz ;t j,hf,fnsdfnm rjyabltywbfkmye. byajhvfwb. d ghtlgjkj;tybb, xnj 10%(bkb ,jktt) hf,jxtuj dhtvtyb rjvgm.nthf byajhvfwbz yt pfoboftncz.

Сfvsq e;fcysq dsdjl, rjnjhsq vs vj;tv cltkfnm d htpekmnfnt yfituj bccktljdfybz, cjcnjbn d njv, xnj gjlj,ysq ehjdtym ,tpjgfcyjcnb lkz ckj;yjuj cbcntvyjuj chtlcndf, rjnjhsv zdkztncz cjdhtvtyyfz eybdthcfkmyfz ОС, lf;t ubgjntnbxtcrb ytljcnb;bv (gjcvjnhbnt yf rhbde. ptktyjuj wdtnf, ghtlcnfdktyye. yf hbc.2). Чnj ;t ltkfnm? А djpvj;yj njkmrj jlyj htitybt – bcgjkmpjdfnm lj,fdjxyst chtlcndf pfobns byajhvfwbb, ghbxtv, ;tkfntkmyj nt bp yb[, rjnjhst gjpdjkz.n ghjnbdjltqcndjdfnm fnfrfv yf ezpdbvjcnb ОС, cdzpfyyst c fh[bntrnehysvb ytljcnfnrfvb cbcntvys[ chtlcnd b jib,rfvb ghjuhfvvbhjdfybz d cbcntvyjv b ghbrkflyjv ПО! Вjpvj;yj, xbnfntkm ghtlkj;bn byst htwtgns?

Чnj ;t vs ghjnbdjgjcnfdkztv «hfcibhz.otqcz ghjgfcnb»?

А djn ntgthm, cfvjt bynthtcyjt. Рfytt vs dbltkb, xnj d vbht «,m.n nhtdjue» b njve tcnm dtcmvf dtcrbt ghbxbys. Рf,jnf yf ytpfobotyys[ rjvgm.nthf[ xhtdfnf, b, r cj;fktyb., yt njkmrj (f djpvj;yj, b yt cnjkmrj) gjntywbfkmyjq euhjpjq [botybz rjyabltywbfkmyjq byajhvfwbb. В 'njv ckexft gjzdkztncz euhjpf dsdtltybz bp cnhjz yt njkmrj jnltkmys[ rjvgm.nthjd, yj b wtkbrjv rjhgjhfnbdys[ ctntq!

Пjytdjkt [jxtncz epyfnm, rfr vs-nj htfubhetv yf ckj;bdie.cz cbnefwb..

А lkz jndtnf yf 'njn djghjc, ght;lt dctuj, j,hfnbvcz r jlyjve bynthtcyjve bccktljdfyb.:

· (Нjdjcnm jn 18.10.2006). Рjccbqcrbq hsyjr chtlcnd pfobns byajhvfwbb ctujlyz hfpdbdftncz ljdjkmyj lbyfvbxyj. Пhb 'njv d yfitq cnhfyt jnvtxftncz pyfxbntkmyjt t;tujlyjt edtkbxtybt rjkbxtcndf pfhtubcnhbhjdfyys[ ghtcnegktybq d catht rjvgm.nthyjq byajhvfwbb. Сktletn jnvtnbnm, xnj cdsit 99% ghfdjyfheitybq cjdthiftncz evsiktyyj. Нtcvjnhz yf nj, xnj ghj,ktvf byajhvfwbjyyjq ,tpjgfcyjcnb c rf;lsv ujljv cnfyjdbncz dct jcnhtt, ytrjnjhst ghjvt;enjxyst htpekmnfns bccktljdfybz "Сhtlcndf pfobns byajhvfwbb jn ytcfyrwbjybhjdfyyjuj ljcnegf", ghjdjlbvjuj ;ehyfkjv "Иyajhvfwbjyyfz ,tpjgfcyjcnm/Information Security" (rjvgfybz "Гhjntr") yjczn gfhfljrcfkmysq [fhfrnth. Бjkmifz xfcnm jghjityys[ (39,8%) cxbnf.n, xnj jntxtcndtyyst rjvgfybb b jhufybpfwbb dtcmvf ytj[jnyj blen yf edtkbxtybt hfc[jljd yf byajhvfwbjyye. ,tpjgfcyjcnm (cv. lbfuhfvve, hbc.3). Дkz chfdytybz: d ,jkmibycndt pfhe,t;ys[ rjvgfybq, pfnhfns yf byajhvfwbjyye. ,tpjgfcyjcnm cjcnfdkz.n d chtlytv jrjkj 15% jn ,.l;tnf byajhvfwbjyys[ nt[yjkjubq rjvgfybq.

Рbc. 3. Рtpekmnfns bccktljdfybz

Чnj j,eckjdkbdftn gjlj,yjt jnyjitybt r ИТ-,tpjgfcyjcnb – ytgjybvfybt ghj,ktvs, ,tpjndtncndtyyjcnm, ytpyfybt djpvj;ys[ gentq htitybz? Чtcnyj ujdjhz, e fdnjhf ytn jndtnf yf 'njn djghjc.

Нj hsyjr tcnm hsyjr. Еcnm cghjc, ,eltn b ghtlkj;tybt. Дjcnfnjxyj gjpyfrjvbnmcz c ntv, rfr gjpbwbjybhe.n djpvj;yjcnm ghbvtytybz cthnbabwbhjdfyyjq gj nht,jdfybzv ,tpjgfcyjcnb ОС Windows XP Professional ytrjnjhst gjcnfdobrb eckeu d j,kfcnb pfobns byajhvfwbb:

«Пhbvtytybt cthnbabwbhjdfyyjq ОС Microsoft gjpdjkztn ktufkmyj j,hf,fnsdfnm yf rkbtyncrb[ hf,jxb[ vtcnf[ rjyabltywbfkmye. byajhvfwb., pfoboftve. d cjjndtncndbb c pfrjyjlfntkmcndjv Рjccbqcrjq Фtlthfwbb.

Пhtbveotcndf bcgjkmpjdfybz cthnbabwbhjdfyyjq ОС:

• 'aatrnbdysq vt[fybpv yfcnhjqrb gfhfvtnhjd ,tpjgfcyjcnb jgthfwbjyyjq cbcntvs;
• jncencndbt ytj,[jlbvjcnb ecnfyjdrb ljgjkybntkmys[ cthnbabwbhjdfyys[ «yfkj;tyys[» chtlcnd pfobns byajhvfwbb b, rfr cktlcndbt:
• gjdsitybt crjhjcnb, ecnjqxbdjcnb j,hf,jnrb byajhvfwbb;
• cyb;tybt cnjbvjcnb pfobotyyjuj fdnjvfnbpbhjdfyyjuj vtcnf;
• cyb;tybt nht,jdfybq r j,]tve pyfybq flvbybcnhfnjhf ,tpjgfcyjcnb;
• gthbjlbxtcrjt j,yjdktybt jgthfwbjyyjq cbcntvs dvtcnt c ljgjkybntkmysvb «jgwbzvb ,tpjgfcyjcnb»;
• dsgjkytybt nht,jdfybq yjhvfnbdys[ ljrevtynjd, htukfvtynbhe.ob[ ghbvtytybt pfobotyys[ fdnjvfnbpbhjdfyys[ cbcntv».

Нt ghfdlf kb, cktlez htpekmnfnfv bccktljdfybq, ghbdtltyysv yf hbc.3, vj;tv cltkfnm dsdjl, xnj gjlj,yjt htitybt ghj,ktv byajhvfwbjyyjq ,tpjgfcyjcnb yf ctujlyziybq ltym ,eltn djcnht,jdfyysv!

Сfvsv, yf yfi dpukzl, ijrbhe.obv d gjpbwbjybhjdfybb gjlj,yjuj htitybz zdkztncz cktle.ott «cyb;tybt nht,jdfybq r j,]tve pyfybq flvbybcnhfnjhf ,tpjgfcyjcnb». Нj ytkmpz ;t jnhbwfnm jxtdblyjt, xnj ,tp cjjndtncnde.otq rdfkbabrfwbb kbw, jndtxf.ob[ pf htitybt pflfx pfobns byajhvfwbb, 'aatrnbdyj 'nb pflfxb htitys ,snm yt vjuen. Кdfkbabrfwbz – 'nj ;t jcyjdf jcyjd, jcj,tyyj d nfrjq ckj;yj j,kfcnb pyfybq, rfr byajhvfwbjyyfz ,tpjgfcyjcnm!

Пhjdtltybt cthnbabrfwbjyys[ bcgsnfybq (ghjdthrf aeyrwbjyfkf) cbcntvyjuj chtlcndf, lf.ott ghfdj ktufkmyj j,hf,fnsdfnm yf rkbtyncrb[ hf,jxb[ vtcnf[ rjyabltywbfkmye. byajhvfwb. – 'nj, ,tpeckjdyj, [jhjij. Нj ghb xtv ;t pltcm dct jcnfkmyjt - rdfkbabrfwbz flvbybcnhfnjhjd ,tpjgfcyjcnb, jncencndbt ytj,[jlbvjcnb ecnfyjdrb ljgjkybntkmys[ cthnbabwbhjdfyys[ «yfkj;tyys[» chtlcnd pfobns byajhvfwbb, ghbpdfyys[ htifnm cjdthityyj byst pflfxb, d xfcnyjcnb, pflfxb gjdsitybz ehjdyz 'rcgkefnfwbjyyjq ,tpjgfcyjcnb cbcntvyjuj chtlcndf. А rfr tot j,tcgtxbnm 'aatrnbdye. pfobne?

Чnj ;t yfv j;blfnm, ,eltn kb ghtjljktdfnmcz ckj;bdibqcz rhbpbc d ИТ-,tpjgfcyjcnb d yfitq cnhfyt (byfxt, rfr rhbpbcjv, jnyjitybt r ИТ-,tpjgfcyjcnb, ghjbkk.cnhbhjdfyyjt yf hbc.3, yfpdfnm ckj;yj).

О,hfnbvcz r cnfnmt «Сrjkmrj cnjbn entxrf yf cfvjv ltkt?», jge,kbrjdfyyjq 16.03.07 yf cfqnt www.cnews.ru, r rjnjhjq ghtlcnfdktyjbynthtcyjt bccktljdfybt.

В bccktljdfybb "2006 Annual Study — Cost of a Data Breach", ghjdtltyyjv Ponemon Institute (,skj jghjityj 9 nsc. xtkjdtr), htcgjyltyns hfccrfpsdfkb, rfr jyb gjcnegbkb ,s c ghjdbybditqcz rjvgfybtq. Вszcybkjcm, xnj gjlfdkz.ott ,jkmibycndj uhf;lfy (59%) kb,j e;t jnrfpfkjcm jn eckeu ytyflt;yjq abhvs (gjl «ghjdbybditqcz» d cnfnmt gjybvftncz rjvgfybz, yt j,tcgtxbdf.ofz ljk;yjuj ehjdyz ИТ-,tpjgfcyjcnb), kb,j cj,bhftncz ghthdfnm cjnhelybxtcndj d ,kb;fqitv ,eleotv, xnj ghjbkk.cnhbhjdfyj yf hbc.4.

Иcnjxybr: Ponemon Institute, 2006

Рbc.4. Дtqcndbz rkbtynf d ckexft rjvghjvtnfwbb ghbdfnys[ lfyys[

Кfr jnvtxftncz d cnfnmt, lkz rjvvthxtcrb[ ghtlghbznbq bvtyyj jnyjitybt rkbtynjd pfxfcne. zdkztncz ukfdyjq wtkm.. Еckb kjzkmyst rkbtyns hfccth;tys b gjrblf.n rjvgfyb. bkb lf;t gtht[jlzn r rjyrehtynfv, nj ltkf nfrjq rjvgfybb gkfxtdys, gj'njve yfb,jkmibq eoth, ghbyjczn jny.lm yt ghzvst b rjcdtyyst e,snrb yf dszdktybt b ecnhfytybt entxtr, f cyb;tybt ghbdktrfntkmyjcnb njhujdjq vfhrb bkb e[elitybt htgenfwbb.

Нf yfi dpukzl, hfyj bkb gjplyj, yj herjdjlbntkb ghtlghbznbq jcjpyf.n cnjkm jxtdblye. bcnbye, xnj ИТ-,tpjgfcyjcnm ctujlyz buhftn dtcmvf pfvtnye. hjkm d ,bpytct k.,jq rjvgfybb, b r tt j,tcgtxtyb. yf ghtlghbznbb ytj,[jlbvj jnyjcbnmcz jxtym cthmtpyj. В ghjnbdyjv ckexft djpvj;ys ytj,hfnbvst gjcktlcndbz lkz k.,jq rjvgfybb. Дjdthbt rkbtynjd kturj gjnthznm, nhelyj dthyenm!