Î, 'rjyjvbxtcrjq vjltkb W3C, gjldjlys[ rfvyz[,
njhvjpzob[ ghjwtcc abyfkmyjuj yfcnegktybz dctj,otuj cxfcnmz, j
gthcgtrnbdf[ dt,-cnfylfhnjd
«Ïjhbwfybt— 'nj ktrfhcndj, ktrfhcndj jndctuj»,— Ìfqr Äfenb (Mike Doughty).
×bnfntkb bexfcnybrb vjtq rjyathtywbb pyf.n, rjulf zgbie bujdjh.
jdt,-cnfylfhnf[, ukfdyjt yfxtv zfrwtynbhe. dybvfybt, 'nj nj,xnj
dt,-cnfylfhns yfcfvjv ltkt ytceotcnde.n. Äfdfqnt yfctreyljxre
pflevftvcz: vs,s ytye;lfkbcm dnfrjv vjoyjv ldb;tybb
pfdt,-cnfylfhns, tckb,s jyb ltqcndbntkmyj ,skb cnfylfhnfvb!
Ìsghjljk;ftv ltkfnm cdj. hf,jne rfr vj;yj kexit, xnj,s cnfnm j,hfpwjv
rfxtcndf bghjatccbjyfkbpvf. Êytcxfcnm., ytcvjnhz yfltcznbktnybt
ceotcndjdfybt tdfyutkbpvf dt,-cnfylfhnjd, vscnjkryekbcm cgthcgtrnbdjq
gjkyjuj abfcrj, rfrbv,s cbkmysv yb,skj e;t ljcnbuyenjt yfvb
pfgjcktlybt ujls dkbzybt.
ßcj,bhf.cm gjltkbnmcz hzljv vjb[ cjj,hf;tybq gjgjdjle ghj,ktv,
[fhfrnthys[ lkz ,jkmibycndf uhegg, gjllth;bdf.ob[ dt,-cnfylfhns,
bgentq b[htitybz. ßghbpsdf. dfc bpexbnm dct pro bcontra,
dcjjndtncndbb cdfibvb dpukzlfvb, bj,celbnm, ytghb,tufz rghjcnjve
gjhbwfyb., rfr yfv dlfkmytqitv hfpdbdfnm bynthytn, cj[hfybd dct
nj,xnj yfv nfr ljhjuj.
Î,sxyst cjvytybz
Ðfpjxfhjdfybt xfcnj ghbdjlbn rgjbcre dbyjdys[. Íjgjhbwfybt lheu
lheuf, ytcvjnhz yfnj,xnj gj'n bvepsrfyn Ìfqr Äfenb cxbnftn, xnj 'nj
kexitt «ktrfhcndj, ktrfhcndj jndctuj», njkmrj hfp]tlbybn yfc tot
,jkmit.
Íj'nj ytpyfxbn, xnj ytyflj htfkbcnbxyj jwtybdfnm ysytiybt
ntyltywbb dhfphf,jnrt gjkmpjdfntkmcrb[ bynthatqcjd blbpfqyt, jcj,tyyj
cdzpfyyst cHTML bCSS. Ýnj jcj,tyyj df;yj gjyznm ntv, rnj cxbnftn, xnj
ctnm ghbyflkt;bn rf;ljve bpyfc, fytrfrjq-yb,elm rjvgfybb bkb
ghfdbntkmcnde.
Áelexb ghbukfityysv 'rcgthnjv W3C, rjkktujq blheujv vyj;tcndf k.ltq bpWHATWG,
gjckt 18-vtczxyjuj regfybz d,jkjnt Internet Explorer, zcnfkf levfnm,
xnj vj;yj bgjbcrfnm dbyjdys[. Âjdctv, xnj vsltkftv, tcnm vyj;tcndj
ytljxtnjd bjib,jr, rfr dghjuhfvvyjv j,tcgtxtybb, cjplfyyjv lkz yfc,
nfr bdnt[yjkjubz[, rjnjhst vscnhtvbvcz gthtytcnb bpntjhtnbxtcrjq
gkjcrjcnb dghfrnbxtcre.. Òjrjkbxtcndj ghjnbdjhtxbq, rjnjhjt
gjkexftncz dhtpekmnfnt, ltkftn yfie hf,jne jlyjq bpcfvs[
ytljjwtytyys[ yfgkfytnt.
Êheu gthdsq: frfltvbxysq byfexysq— W3C
W3C xfcnj pfrhsdftn ukfpf yfntghj,ktvs, rjnjhst vsyf[jlbv
dcgtwbabrfwbz[. ßlevf., xnj 'nj cjjndtncndetn frfltvbxyjve byfexyjve
gjl[jle, rjnjhsq bcgjdtletn rjycjhwbev. ×fcnj bvtyetvfz «,fiytq
bpckjyjdjq rjcnb» W3C, ytcvjnhz yfytlfdybt gjgsnrb cnfnm ,jktt
jnrhsnjq lkz j,otcndtyyjcnb, zdkztncz uheggjq bylecnhbfkmys[ extys[
bfrfltvbrjd, hf,jnf.ob[ yfnfrbt rjvgfybb, rfr IBM, Microsoft, Opera
Software bn.l. Âbyf W3C dnjv, xnj vsrfr cjj,otcndj xedcndetv ct,z
kbiybvb.
Âsghbukfitys. Ñvj;tntkb dsct,t 'nj gjpdjkbnm?
Äf,ceotcnde.n ghbukfityyst 'rcgthns, rjnjhst cvzuxf.n
bpjkbhjdfyyjcnm W3C, yjdct nz;tktt cnfyjdbncz ,snm jlybv bpyb[.
Ârfxtcndt ghbukfityyjuj 'rcgthnf zjgkfxbdfkf dct hfc[jls, cdzpfyyst
chf,jnjq, drk.xfz lkbntkmyst ntktajyyst gthtujdjhs bnhfycgjhnyst
bplth;rb djdhtvz ytltkmyjq ltkjdjq gjtplrb gj.;yjq Ôhfywbb. Ýnb nhfns
cnfyjdzncz 'rjyjvbxtcrbv ghtgzncndbtv lkz exfcnbz dghjtrnt ytpfdbcbvs[
'rcgthnjd.
Âhtpekmnfnt, vyjubt hf,jxbt uheggs ljikb ljnjuj, xnj ajrecbhe.ncz
yfbynthtcf[ rjvgfybq. Ñghfdtlkbdjcnb hflb yflj ghbpyfnm, xnj W3C
dsltkztn juhfybxtyyjt xbckj ujkjcjd rf;ljq rjvgfybb, [jnz b[bynthtcs
gjxnb dctulf cj,k.lf.ncz.
Ðfpdthyekcz b eitk
ßytlfdyj cnfkf cdbltntktv njuj, rfr ghtlcnfdbntkm
rjvgfybb-exfcnybws rjycjhwbevf ghthdfk j,ce;ltybt djghjcf ahfpjq: «Ýnj
gjldthuftn hbcre yfib gfntyns. Ìsdsqltv bpW3C, tckb ds,eltnt
ghjljk;fnm». Âcdzpb c'rjyjvbxtcrjq pfdbcbvjcnm. jn'nb[ rjvgfybq,
rjycjhwbev ytvj;tn gjpdjkbnm ct,t nthznm exfcnybrjd dckexft
b[rhbnbxtcrjuj jnyjitybz rhfphf,fnsdftvsv cgtwbabrfwbzv.
Ódbltyyjt ghbdtkj vtyz dcnhfiyjt eysybt, jcj,tyyj, exbnsdfz nj,rfr
nz;tkj ,skj W3C cjplfnm j,cnfyjdre, xnj,s bynthtcs rjvgfybq
ytghjnbdjhtxbkb lheu lheue. Ôfrn;t pfrk.xftncz dnjv, xnj vbh
vtyztncz, dgthde. jxthtlm, bp-pf bynthytnf. Ýnj pyfxbn, xnj njn genm,
rfrbv vsikb djnyjitybb rbyntkktrnefkmyjq cj,cndtyyjcnb, nj;t
vtyztncz. Èljcb[ gjh zytedthtyf, xnj vsvj;tv ujdjhbnm, rfr jnjv,
xnj W3C— 'nj jnrhsnsq ghjtrn, nfr bjnjv, xnj rjycjhwbev pfcke;bdftn
gjhbwfybz.
W3C: pro etcontra
Pro:
- Âctvbhyfz jhufybpfwbz
- Àrfltvbxtcrfz byfexyfz ,fpf
- Ïhtlcnfdktyj vyj;tcndj bynthtcjd, yj,djcyjdyjv, cgjycbhe.ob[ rjvgfybq exfcnybw
- Ïjgsnrf ,snm ,jktt jnrhsnjq gjchtlcndjv nfrb[ uhegg rfr HTML5 bCSS Working Groups
- Ïjgsnrf ,snm ,kb;t rj,sxyjve gjkmpjdfntk. xthtp htlbpfqys cfqnjd, ,kjub, xtkjdtrjgjyznyst bynthatqcs
Contra:
- Ñjplfybt «jnrhsns[ cnfylfhnjd» drfxtcndt bltfkf, fythtfkmyjq ytj,[jlbvjcnb
- Ítdthjznyj vtlktyyfz ghbcgjcj,kztvjcnm r,scnhj vtyz.otqcz j,cnfyjdrt
- Ñkf,fz 'rjyjvbxtcrfz vjltkm, rjnjhfz jcyjdsdftncz yfxktycrb[ ce,cblbz[
- Ñjplfybt ghtgzncndbq lkz ytpfdbcbvs[ cgtwbfkbcnjd bjnrhsnjuj ghjwtccf
- Ïfccbdyjcnm: cjplfybt njkmrj cgtwbabrfwbq bhtrjvtylfwbq, fytltqcndtyys[ ghjuhfvv gjllth;rb
- Înyjitybt rfr r«,fiyt bpckjyjdjq rjcnb»
Ítrjnjhst gjkfuf.n, xnj W3C ecnfhtkf, btlbycndtyysq ds[jl
bpcbnefwbb— hfcajhvbhjdfnm rjycjhwbev. ßlevf., xnj, pfytbvtybtv
fkmnthyfnbds W3C, 'nj ,eltn gfue,ysq ifu: ctujlyz 'nj tlbycndtyyjt
vtcnj, ult rjvgfybb-exfcnybws vjuen ljujdjhbnmcz bhf,jnfnm cjdvtcnyj.
Èpvtytybt cnhernehs W3C dvtcnt cghbyznbtv yjdjq 'rjyjvbxtcrjq
vjltkb, fnfr;t ghbdktxtybtv ytpfdbcbvs[ cgtwbfkbcnjd, dsukzlbn
j,yflt;bdf.ot. Âceoyjcnb, yf14ctynz,hz 2008,skj j,]zdktyj bvtyyj
jnfrjq gkfybhetvjq htcnhernehbpfwbb. The World Wide Web Foundation
gjkexbk gthdjyfxfkmyjt abyfycbhjdfybt lkz gjvjob W3C, bj;blftncz
gjkyjt djgkjotybt gkfyf d;bpym d2009ujle. Ïjrf 'nj njkmrj
j,yflt;bdf.obq gkfy, xtv jyj,thytncz lkz W3C blkz dctuj cjj,otcndf
dwtkjv, ,eltn zcyj kbim gjghjitcndbb dhtvtyb.
Êheu dnjhjq: htdjk.wbjyysq bhfpheibntkmysq— ytpfdbcbvst uheggs.
×bckj jhufybpfwbq, rjnjhst gjzdbkbcm dyt W3C, ljk;yj yfcnjhf;bdfnm hf,jnybrjd rjycjhwbevf. Ädf jnkbxys[ ghbvthf: WCAG Samurai, pfrhsnfz uheggf cytbpdtcnysv cjcnfdjv, bWHATWG,
jnrhsnfz uheggf, rjnjhfz hf,jnftn f,cjk.nyj ghjphfxyj. Î,t uheggs
ghtlkj;bkb bynthtcysq jndtn yfntdjghjcs, rjnjhst vsj,ce;lfkb
dghtlsleotq xfcnb: jyb j,t htdjk.wbjyys bhfpheibntkmys.
Äheubt vfccjdst jhufybpfwbb, nfrbt rfr The Web Standards Project (WaSP) bWeb Standards Group (WSG),
cjchtljnfxbdf.ncz yfghjgfufylt, yt;tkb yfyfgbcfybb cgtwbabrfwbq.
Ítj,[jlbvjcnm dnfrb[ uheggf[ ,tccgjhyf dctujlyziytq cbnefwbb, nfr rfr
jyb jceotcndkz.n neghjuhfvve gjllth;rb, rjnjhjq W3C blheubt
ytpfdbcbvst uheggs ghtyt,htuf.n.
Ñrf;bnt WHATWG?
ß,ele gbcfnm jWHATWG, nfr rfr, dj-gthds[, 'nj jnrhsnfz uheggf,
b,dj-dnjhs[, htpekmnfns tthf,jns e;t xfcnbxyj ghbyzns W3C,
fHTML5vtcnfvb gjllth;bdftncz ,hfepthfvb.
WHATWG gjzdbkfcm rfr htpekmnfn jnrfpf W3C jnhfpdbnbz HTML,
b,gjnjve xnj XHTML, pflevfyysq rfr yjdjt gjrjktybt cvtifyyjuj zpsrf,
ybrjulf ytgjllth;bdfkczIE.
Ítcrjkmrj cgjcj,ys[ ht,zn, drk.xfz ßyf Ãbrcjyf (Ian Hickson),
Ëfrk'yf Õfynf (Lachlan Hunt), Ãtyhb Ñbdjytyf (Henri Sivonen), Àyyt dfy
Êtcnthtyf (Anne van Kesteren), Äbyf Ýldfhlcf (Dean Edwards), cxbnfkb
nfrjt hfpdbnbt cj,snbq ytljgecnbvsv. Îyb gjkfkb, xnj HTML ytj,[jlbvj
hfpdbdfnm rfr ctvfynbxtcrb, nfr baeyrwbjyfkmyj (yfghbvth, ajhvs).
WHATWG crjhj ljrfpfkf, xnj ytpfdbcbvfz jhufybpfwbz ,tp abyfycbhjdfybz
vj;tn hf,jnfnm ,scnhj b[jhjij.
Ífhf,jnrb WHATWG ktukb djcyjde ltzntkmyjcnb yjdjq b«jnrhsnjq»
uheggs W3C HTML5Working Group, rjnjhfz, gjckjdfv Äjhjnb Ïfhrth,
zdkztncz «yjdsv fljv». Îlyfrj WHATWG bHTML5Working Group ghjljk;f.n
hf,jnfnm hfpltkmyj, ytcvjnhz yfc[j;tcnm gjcnfdktyys[ pflfx.
Ítpfdbcbvst uheggs: pro etcontra
Pro
- Ðtdjk.wbjyyjcnm
- Ðfpheibntkmyjcnm: nht,jdfybt bpvtytybq
- Încencndbt 'rjyjvbxtcrjuj dkbzybz
- Ïhtlcnfdkz.n vyj;tcndj dpukzljd (dbltfkt)
- Îxtym gjldb;ys
- Ëtuxt cjplfnm bjge,kbrjdfnm ytpfdbcbve. jnrhsne. cgtwbabrfwb.
- Ìthbnjrhfnbz: ltqcndbz jcyjdfys yfedktxtybb bghjybwfntkmyjcnb, fytyfdjpvj;yjcnb pfhf,jnfnm
Contra:
- Încencndbt xtnrjuj herjdjlcndf— ectvb yzytr lbnz ,tp ukfpe
- Încencndbt 'rjyjvbxtcrjq gjllth;rb— yflj,hjdjkmyjq jcyjdt
- Ñkbirjv ,jkmifz gjldb;yjcnm nfr;t jpyfxftn yt[dfnre dhtvtyb lkz bccktljdfybq brjkktubfkmyjuj j,ce;ltybz clheubvb uheggfvb
- Ájkmijq hbcr jrfpfnmcz xthtcxeh yfgjhbcnsvb bhtibntkmysvb
- Ájkmijq hbcr cnfnm vjyjrekmnehjq, cjlybv kblthjv (bkb yt,jkmijq
kblbhe.otq uheggjq) b,jkmibycndjv, rjnjhjt cktletn pfybv, kbim
gjnjve, xnj 'nj «ghfdbkmyj»
Êheu nhtnbq: cj,cndtyyst bynthtcs byf;bdf— ghjghbtnfhyst nt[yjkjubb
Adobe, Microsoft, Apple bGoogle— jlyb bpcfvs[ dkbzntkmys[
rjvgfybq, cdzpfyys[ cghjghbtnfhyjq byntkktrnefkmyjq cj,cndtyyjcnm..
Ôbkjcjabz 'nb[ rjvgfybq— cjplfybt vjoyjq gkfnajhvs lkz njuj, xnj,s,
rfr crfpfk Ñnbd Áfkvth, «dsbuhfnm» ctnm. Flex, Silverlight blf;t
WebKit pfyzkb vtcnj dyt bynthytn-cjj,otcndf bghtcktle.n kbim cdjb
bynthtcs dgjujyt pfghb,skm.— 'nj yttcnm jnrhsnfz bub,rfz ctnm.
Pro etcontra: ghjghbtnfhyst nt[yjkjubb
Pro:
- Ãkj,fkmyjcnm
- Ñbkmyfz 'rjyjvbxtcrfz bybwbfnbdf
- Ïhtlcnfdkz.n jlye njxre phtybz
- Ïjldb;yst
- Ëtuxt cnfnm kblthjv yfhsyrt
- Ëtuxt ,snm yjdfnjhfvb
Contra:
- Çfrhsnst
- Ítjnrhsns lkz j,ce;ltybz
- Àuhtccbdyst
- Îhbtynbhjdfys yfghb,skm— ytj,zpfntkmyj yfrfxtcndj
- ßdkz.ncz ukfdyjq ghbxbyjq dytcjdvtcnbvjcnb hfpys[ ghjlernjd
Øbhjrbt gthcgtrnbds
Ènfr, xnj;t ltkfnm yfv, lbpfqythfv, hfphf,jnxbrfv,
rjyntyn-vtytl;thfv btdfyutkbcnfv, rjnjhst hfccvfnhbdf.n ctnm rfr
jnrhsne. bcjdvtcnbve. gkjoflre.
Ìsghj,jdfkb exfcndjdfnm. WaSP, WSG bn.l. Ýnb uheggs cgjcj,cnde.n
cj,extybtv bgjllth;rjq, jyb zdkz.ncz wtvtynbhe.obv cjcnfdjv yfituj
cjj,otcndf. Íjjyb nfr;t hbcre.n jcnfnmcz cjdctv yteltk (ytrjnjhst
cxbnf.n, xnj 'nj e;t ghjbpjikj), nfr rfr jyb gjzdbkbcm ytlkz njuj,
xnj,s htifnm aeylfvtynfkmyst ghj,ktvs ctnb.
Âjpvj;yj, yfv cktletn cjplfnm tot jlye uhegge? Ýnj ,skf vjz gthdfz
vsckm, yjnfrjq ifu lj,fdbn kbim tot ,jkmit ghj,ktv. Âvtcnj 'njuj, tckb
vsdybvfntkmyj gjlevftv yfl pro etcontra dct[ nht[ rheujd, vscvj;tv
bctqxfc yfqnb ghfdbkmys[ k.ltq, j,jpyfxbnm rk.xtdst ghj,ktvs, b,vj;tn
,snm, edbltnm genm rfr j,]tlbybnm yfit cjj,otcndj, dvtcnj njuj, xnj,s
hfp]tlbyznmcz tot cbkmytt.
Êk.xtdst vjvtyns
Ñnjuj vjvtynf, rfr ghjghbtnfhyst nt[yjkjubb cnfkb ghbyjcbnm
ghb,skm, vsjnlfkztvcz jndt,-cnfylfhnjd dct lfkmit blfkmit. Íbxnj
kexit ytltvjycnhbhetn 'nj, xtv Internet Explorer. Íbxnj kexit
ytltvjycnhbhetn 'nj, xtv pfzdktyyfz Apple gjllth;rf CSS3, rjnjhsq tot
ytedbltk cdtn lf;t ddblt htrjvtylfwbb, dWebKit (dthjznyj, dfhbfyn
,eleob[ rjvghjvbccys[ ltqcndbq W3C). Íbxnj kexit ytltvjycnhbhetn 'nj,
xtv ytcgjcj,yjcnm ,hfepthjd Mozilla bOpera edtkbxbnm cdj.
gjkmpjdfntkmcre. felbnjhb..
Ñvj;tvkb vshtibnm 'ne ghj,ktve? ßytghtlcrfpfntkmybwf ,eleotuj,
yjzjgnbvbcn. Èzdth., xnj drf;ljv bpnht[ rheujd tcnm elbdbntkmyst
k.lb, rjnjhst cvjuen cj,hfnmcz dvtcnt byfxfnm ghjlernbdyj hf,jnfnm.
Ñkj;yjcnm pfrk.xftncz dnjv, xnj yflj cjchtljnjxbnmcz yfljdjlf[ pro,
byfqnb genb htitybz ljdjljd contra, cj,hfnm k.ltq, rjnjhst
ltqcndbntkmyj ,elen hf,jnfnm, bdtcnb lbfkju rfr vj;yj ,jktt jnrhsnj.
Åckb vscvj;tv dshdfnmcz pfghtltks 'nb[ nht[ rheujd, njgjqvtv, xnj
rf;lsq bpyb[ zdkztncz xfcnm. tlbyjuj wtkjuj. Èbvtyyj yf'nj yfv yflj
ltkfnm jcyjdyjq egjh, fyteceue,kznm ghj,ktvs cjplfybtv yjds[
jhufybpfwbq. ×htpvthyfz ,.hjrhfnbpfwbz cnfytn gjuht,fkmysv pdjyjv lkz
k.,juj ,kfujuj yfxbyfybz.
Êfr yfv ghbdtcnb dgjhzljr Ñtnm? Î,celbv.
Ìj;tvkb vsghblevfnm, rfr cajhvbhjdfnm bp'nb[ nht[ rheujd
hf,jnf.obq vt[fybpv? Ênj pyftn? Ýnj nht,etn vj,bkbpfwbb dct[ cbk
bujnjdyjcnb blnb yfecnegrb. Êhjvt njuj, 'nj ,eltn nht,jdfnm
jnrf;ljuj bpyfc ytcrjkmrb[ xfcjd cdj,jlyjuj dhtvtyb lkz
ytgjchtlcndtyyjuj exfcnbz. Ïbcfnm d,kjuf[. Î,levfyyj rjvvtynbhjdfnm
gjcns dyb[. Ñjnhelybxfnm cWaSP. Ïsnfnmcz gjgfcnm yfdcnhtxb W3C. Åckb
vsytyfxytv ltqcndjdfnm d,kb;fqitt dhtvz, z,j.cm, xnj ctnm
ghtdhfnbnmcz bpÄfhf dj,sxysq ghjlern gjnht,ktybz.
Ífv ytye;ty ytcjdvtcnbvsq bynthytn. Âct xnj vsctqxfc bvttv— 'nj
ghjghbtnfhyfz, pfrhsnfz bj[hfyztvfz byajhvfwbz. Èyjulf 'nj rf;tncz
bynthtcysv bcjdhtvtyysv, yj'nj bltn dhfphtp cntv, rxtve
vs,dgthde. jxthtlm, cnhtvbvcz,— rljcnegyjq bcjdvtcnbvjq Ñtnb lkz
dct[.
